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We report a new particle in cell (PIC) method based on the semi-implicit approach. The novelty of the new method is that unlike any of its semi-implicit predecessors at the same time retains the explicit computational cycle and conserves…

Computational Physics · Physics 2017-03-08 Giovanni Lapenta

The use of explicit particle-in-cell (PIC) method for relativistic plasma simulations is restricted by numerical heating and instabilities that may significantly constrain the choice of time and space steps. To partially eliminate these…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-02-12 Arkady Gonoskov

A field theory and the associated structure-preserving geometric Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm are developed to study low frequency electrostatic perturbations with fully kinetic ions and adiabatic electrons in magnetized plasmas. The…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Jianyuan Xiao , Hong Qin

We extend the recently-developed explicit, energy-conserving particle-in-cell (PIC) scheme of [1] to the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system. As in the non-relativistic case, the method is built on an optimization problem that is…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Lee Ricketson , Jingwei Hu

Conventional explicit electromagnetic particle-in-cell (PIC) algorithms do not conserve discrete energy exactly. Time-centered fully implicit PIC algorithms can conserve discrete energy exactly, but may introduce large dispersion errors in…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Guangye Chen , Luis Chacón , Lin Yin , Brian J. Albright , David J. Stark , Robert F. Bird

Recent development of structure-preserving geometric particle-in-cell (PIC) algorithms for Vlasov-Maxwell systems is summarized. With the arriving of 100 petaflop and exaflop computing power, it is now possible to carry out direct…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2019-06-26 Jianyuan Xiao , Hong Qin , Jian Liu

The recently developed energy conserving semi-implicit method (ECsim) for PIC simulation is applied to multiple scale problems where the electron-scale physics needs to be only partially retained and the interest is on the macroscopic or…

Computational Physics · Physics 2017-05-24 Giovanni Lapenta , Diego Gonzalez-Herrero , Elisabetta Boella

Kinetic Particle In Cell (PIC) methods can extend greatly their range of applicability if implicit time differencing and spatial adaption are used to address the wide range of time and length scales typical of plasmas. For implicit…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2008-06-05 Giovanni Lapenta

The traditional explicit electrostatic momentum-conserving Particle-in-cell algorithm requires strict resolution of the electron Debye length to deliver numerical accuracy. The explicit electrostatic energy-conserving Particle-in-Cell…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-08-31 Andrew T. Powis , Igor D. Kaganovich

Particle-in-cell merging algorithms aim to resample dynamically the six-dimensional phase space occupied by particles without distorting substantially the physical description of the system. Whereas various approaches have been proposed in…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-11-16 Marija Vranic , Thomas Grismayer , Joana L. Martins , Ricardo A. Fonseca , Luis O. Silva

Solving for charged particle motion in electromagnetic fields (i.e. the particle pushing problem) is a computationally intensive component of particle-in-cell (PIC) methods for plasma physics simulations. This task is especially challenging…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Tri P. Nguyen , Ilon Joseph , Mayya Tokman

In this work, we develop and rigorously analyze a new class of particle methods for the magnetized Vlasov--Poisson--Fokker--Planck system. The proposed approach addresses two fundamental challenges: (1) the curse of dimensionality, which we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Anjiao Gu , Xiaojiang Zhang

Numerical heating in particle-in-cell (PIC) codes currently precludes the accurate simulation of cold, relativistic plasma over long periods, severely limiting their applications in astrophysical environments. We present a spatially…

Our fully kinetic, implicit Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulations of global magnetospheres on up to 32,768 of El Capitan's AMD Instinct MI300A Accelerated Processing Units (APUs) represent an unprecedented computational capability that…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Stefano Markidis , Andong Hu , Ivy Peng , Luca Pennati , Ian Lumsden , Dewi Yokelson , Stephanie Brink , Olga Pearce , Thomas R. W. Scogland , Bronis R. de Supinski , Gian Luca Delzanno , Michela Taufer

Global particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of pulsar magnetospheres are performed with a volume, surface and pair production-based plasma injection schemes to systematically investigate the transition between electrosphere and force-free…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-16 Fábio Cruz , Thomas Grismayer , Alexander Y. Chen , Anatoly Spitkovsky , Ricardo A. Fonseca , Luis O. Silva

A new approach to the kinetic simulation of plasmas in complex geometries, based on the Particle-in- Cell (PIC) simulation method, is explored. In the two dimensional (2d) electrostatic version of our method, called the Arbitrary…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 C. A. Fichtl , J. M. Finn , K. L. Cartwright

We present an explicit temporal discretization of particle-in-cell schemes for the Vlasov equation that results in exact energy conservation when combined with an appropriate spatial discretization. The scheme is inspired by a simple,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-15 Lee F. Ricketson , Jingwei Hu

In this paper, we develop an asymptotic-preserving and energy-conserving (APEC) Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm for the Vlasov-Maxwell system. This algorithm not only guarantees that the asymptotic limiting of the discrete scheme is a…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-06-14 Lijie Ji , Zhiguo Yang , Zhuoning Li , Dong Wu , Shi Jin , Zhenli Xu

Recently, a fully implicit, energy- and charge-conserving particle-in-cell method has been proposed for multi-scale, full-f kinetic simulations [G. Chen, et al., J. Comput. Phys. 230,18 (2011)]. The method employs a Jacobian-free…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Guangye Chen , Luis Chacón , Daniel C. Barnes

The Energy Conserving semi-implicit method (ECsim), presented by Lapenta in 2017, is a Particle in Cell (PIC) algorithm for the simulation of plasmas. Energy conservation is achieved within a semi-implicit formulation that does not require…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-01-24 Giovanni Lapenta