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This paper introduces OPTIMUM-DERAM, a highly consistent, scalable, secure, and decentralized shared memory solution. Traditional distributed shared memory implementations offer multi-object support by multi-threading a single object memory…
Tetris is an Asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerance consensus algorithm designed for next generation high-throughput permission and permissionless blockchain. The core concept of Tetris is derived from Reasoning About Knowledge, which we…
This paper presents TetraBFT, a novel unauthenticated Byzantine fault tolerant protocol for solving consensus in partial synchrony, eliminating the need for public key cryptography and ensuring resilience against computationally unbounded…
Blockchain technology sparked renewed interest in planetary-scale Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) state machine replication (SMR). While recent works predominantly focused on improving the scalability and throughput of these protocols, few…
Distributed ledger systems, such as blockchains, rely on consensus protocols that commit ordered messages for processing. In practice, message ordering within these systems is often reward-driven. This raises concerns about fairness,…
The most essential component of every Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is the Consensus Algorithm (CA), which enables users to reach a consensus in a decentralized and distributed manner. Numerous CA exist, but their viability for…
The Bitcoin cryptocurrency records its transactions in a public log called the blockchain. Its security rests critically on the distributed protocol that maintains the blockchain, run by participants called miners. Conventional wisdom…
Recently, an ingenious protocol called Algorand has been proposed to overcome these limitations. Algorand uses an innovative process - called cryptographic sortition - to securely and unpredictably elect a set of voters from the network…
Multi-Byzantine Fault Tolerant (Multi-BFT) consensus allows multiple consensus instances to run in parallel, resolving the leader bottleneck problem inherent in classic BFT consensus. However, the global ordering of Multi-BFT consensus…
We outline a quantum-enabled blockchain architecture based on a consortium of quantum servers. The network is hybridised, utilising digital systems for sharing and processing classical information combined with a fibre--optic infrastructure…
In most popular public accessible cryptocurrency systems, the mining pool plays a key role because mining cryptocurrency with the mining pool turns the non-profitable situation into profitable for individual miners. In many recent novel…
Blockchain consensus faces a trilemma of security, latency, and decentralization. High-throughput systems often require a reduction in decentralization or robustness against strong adversaries, while highly decentralized and secure systems…
We present Areon, a family of latency-friendly, stake-weighted, multi-proposer proof-of-stake consensus protocols. By allowing multiple proposers per slot and organizing blocks into a directed acyclic graph (DAG), Areon achieves robustness…
We consider operation of blockchain-based cryptocurrency in case of partitioning. We define the Partitionable Blockchain Consensus Problem. The problem may have an interesting solution if the partitions proceed independently by splitting…
Fault tolerance of a blockchain is often characterized by the fraction $f$ of "adversarial power" that it can tolerate in the system. Despite the fast progress in blockchain designs in recent years, existing blockchain systems can still…
Traditional Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) state machine replication protocols assume a partial synchrony model, leading to a design where a leader replica drives the protocol and is replaced after a timeout. Recently, we witnessed a surge…
Many cryptocurrency platforms are vulnerable to Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) attacks, where a malicious consensus leader can inject transactions or change the order of user transactions to maximize its profit. A promising line of…
Dynamically available total-order broadcast (TOB) protocols tolerate fluctuating participation, e.g., as high as 99% of their participants going offline, which is especially useful in permissionless blockchain environments. However,…
Blockchain protocols typically aspire to run in the permissionless setting, in which nodes are owned and operated by a large number of diverse and unknown entities, with each node free to start or stop running the protocol at any time. This…
We introduce Mysticeti-C, the first DAG-based Byzantine consensus protocol to achieve the lower bounds of latency of 3 message rounds. Since Mysticeti-C is built over DAGs it also achieves high resource efficiency and censorship resistance.…