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The advent of novel nonlinear materials has stirred unprecedented interest in exploring the use of temporal inhomogeneities to achieve novel forms of wave control, amidst the greater vision of engineering metamaterials across both space and…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-24 Emanuele Galiffi , Shixiong Yin , Andrea Alù

The presence of multiple stable states and associated nonlinear phenomena, such as hysteresis, in multistable mechanical metamaterials enables frequency-independent energy harvesting and shock absorption. This study focuses on shock…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2026-03-16 Sneha Srikanth , Andres F. Arrieta

Space-time metamaterials, or materials with properties changing in space and time, have gained a wide-spread interest due to their exotic properties. In this Letter, we propose a novel temporal metasurface of phononic crystals in one and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-04-16 Kshiteej J. Deshmukh

Static metasurfaces have shown to be prominent compact structures for reciprocal and frequency-invariant transformation of electromagnetic waves in space. However, incorporating temporal variation to static metasurfaces would result in…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-11-18 Sajjad Taravati , George V. Eleftheriades

In passive linear systems, complete combining of powers carried by waves from several input channels into a single output channel is forbidden by the energy conservation law. Here, we demonstrate that complete combination of both coherent…

Optics · Physics 2021-06-01 Xuchen Wang , Viktar S. Asadchy , Shanhui Fan , Sergei. A. Tretyakov

Space-time-varying materials pledge to deliver nonreciprocal dispersion in linear systems by inducing an artificial momentum bias. Although such a paradigm eliminates the need for actual motion of the medium, experimental realization of…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-02-18 M. A. Attarzadeh , J. Callanan , M. Nouh

Energy conversion in a physical system requires time-translation invariance breaking according to Noether's theorem. Closely associated with this symmetry-conservation relation, the frequencies of electromagnetic waves are found to be…

We study a class of temporal metamaterials characterized by time-varying dielectric permittivity waveforms of duration much smaller than the characteristic wave-dynamical timescale. In the analogy between spatial and temporal metamaterials,…

Optics · Physics 2022-07-13 Carlo Rizza , Giuseppe Castaldi , Vincenzo Galdi

Diffusion metamaterials with artificial spatial structures have significant potential in controlling energy and mass transfer. Those static structures may lead to functionality and tunability constraints, impeding the application scope of…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-05-30 Jinrong Liu , Liujun Xu , Jiping Huang

Photonic time crystals are artificial materials whose electromagnetic properties are uniform in space but periodically vary in time. The synthesis of such materials and experimental observation of their physics remain very challenging due…

Materials with properties that are modulated in time are known to display wave phenomena showing energy increasing with time, with the rate mediated by the modulation. Until now there has been no accounting for material dissipation, which…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-01-31 Daniel Torrent , William J. Parnell , Andrew N. Norris

Spatiotemporally modulated elastic metamaterials have garnered increasing interest for their potential applications in nonreciprocal wave devices. Most existing studies, however, focus on systems where spatiotemporal modulation is…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Yingrui Ye , Chunxia Liu , Alessandro Marzani , Emanuele Riva , Antonio Palermo , Xiaopeng Wang

We introduce a mechanism that can both hold and amplify electromagnetic waves by rapidly changing the permittivity of the medium during the wave travel from a positive to a dispersionless (i.e. non-Foster) negative value and then back…

Waves are propagating disturbances that redistribute energy across space. Previous studies have shown that for waves propagating through an inhomogeneously moving mean flow, the conserved quantity is wave action rather than wave energy,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-29 Zhaohua Wu , Jie Sun , Zhe-Min Tan , Ming Cai , Yongyun Hu , Norden E. Huang

We investigate the storage and retrieval of electromagnetic waves using a nonlinear metamaterial, analogous to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) observed in atomic systems. We experimentally demonstrate the storage of the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-08-21 Toshihiro Nakanishi , Masao Kitano

We theoretically prove that electromagnetic beams propagating through a nonlinear cubic metamaterial can exhibit a power flow whose direction reverses its sign along the transverse profile. This effect is peculiar of the hitherto unexplored…

Optics · Physics 2017-08-23 A. Ciattoni , C. Rizza , E. Palange

A new formalism for electromagnetic and mechanical momenta in a metamaterial is developed by means of the technique of wave-packet integrals. The medium has huge mass density and can therefore be regarded as almost stationary upon incident…

Optics · Physics 2011-03-22 Yingran He , Jianqi Shen , Sailing He

As time can be introduced as an additional degree of freedom, temporal metamaterials nowadays open up new avenues for wave control and manipulation. Among these advancements, temporal metamaterial-based antireflection coatings have recently…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-19 Haonan Hou , Kai Peng , Yangkai Wang , Jiarui Wang , Xudong Zhang , Ren Wang , Hao Hu , Jiang Xiong

Controlling the electromagnetic properties of materials beyond those achievable with natural substances has become a reality with the advent of metamaterials, artificially designed materials offering a wide range of unusual physical…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-02-11 Esmaeel Zanganeh , Polina Kapitanova , Andrey Sayanskiy , Sergey Kosulnikov , Alex Krasnok

Damping typically results in attenuation of vibrations and elastic wave propagation in mechanical systems. Contrary to this conventional understanding, we demonstrate experimentally and explain theoretically the revival of an elastic wave…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-05-13 Yanghao Fang , William Tuxbury , Abhishek Gupta , Tsampikos Kottos , Ramathasan Thevamaran
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