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Byzantine fault-tolerant systems have been researched for more than four decades, and although shown possible early, the solutions were impractical for a long time. With PBFT the first practical solution was proposed in 1999 and spawned new…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Thomas Loruenser , Benjamin Rainer , Florian Wohner

Mission critical systems deployed in data centers today are facing more sophisticated failures. Byzantine fault tolerant (BFT) protocols are capable of masking these types of failures, but are rarely deployed due to their performance cost…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Guangda Sun , Xin Zhe Khooi , Yunfan Li , Mingliang Jiang , Jialin Li

Hybrid fault models are known to be an effective means for enhancing the robustness of consensus-based replicated systems. However, existing hybridization approaches suffer from limited flexibility with regard to the composition of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Laura Lawniczak , Tobias Distler

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the emergence of decentralized Clinical Trials (DCTs) due to patient retention, accelerate trials, improve data accessibility, enable virtual care, and facilitate seamless communication through integrated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Ashok Kumar Peepliwall , Hari Mohan Pandey , Surya Prakash , Anand A Mahajan , Sudhinder Singh Chowhan , Vinesh Kumar , Rahul Sharma

Hyperledger Fabric is an enterprise grade permissioned distributed ledger platform that offers modularity for a broad set of industry use cases. One modular component is a pluggable ordering service that establishes consensus on the order…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Artem Barger , Yacov Manevich , Hagar Meir , Yoav Tock

We study a well-known communication abstraction called Byzantine Reliable Broadcast (BRB). This abstraction is central in the design and implementation of fault-tolerant distributed systems, as many fault-tolerant distributed applications…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Romaric Duvignau , Michel Raynal , Elad Michael Schiller

The cost of Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) storage is the main concern preventing its adoption in practice. This cost stems from the need to maintain at least 3t+1 replicas in different storage servers in the asynchronous model, so that t…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-02-14 Christian Cachin , Dan Dobre , Marko Vukolic

Consensus stands as a fundamental building block for constructing reliable and fault-tolerant distributed services. The increasing demand for high-performance and scalable blockchain protocols has brought attention to solving consensus in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Hasan Heydari , Robin Vassantlal , Alysson Bessani

Fault-tolerant consensus has been studied extensively in the literature, because it is one of the most important distributed primitives and has wide applications in practice. This paper surveys important results on fault-tolerant consensus…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-08-30 Lewis Tseng

In this paper we present an open source, fully asynchronous, leaderless algorithm for reaching consensus in the presence of Byzantine faults in an asynchronous network. We prove the algorithm's correctness provided that less than a third of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Pierre Chevalier , Bartlomiej Kaminski , Fraser Hutchison , Qi Ma , Spandan Sharma , Andreas Fackler , William J Buchanan

The problem of Byzantine consensus has been key to designing secure distributed systems. However, it is particularly difficult, mainly due to the presence of Byzantine processes that act arbitrarily and the unknown message delays in general…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Alejandro Ranchal-Pedrosa , Vincent Gramoli

Fault tolerance of a blockchain is often characterized by the fraction $f$ of "adversarial power" that it can tolerate in the system. Despite the fast progress in blockchain designs in recent years, existing blockchain systems can still…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Ruomu Hou , Haifeng Yu , Prateek Saxena

The increasing application and deployment of blockchain in various services necessitates the assurance of the effectiveness of PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus service. However, the performance of PBFT consensus service…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yujing Cai , Yukun Meng , Weimeng Wang , Xuanming Zhang , Xiaolin Chang

Storage scalability is paramount in the era of big data blockchain. A storage-scalable blockchain can effectively scale out state storage to an arbitrary number of nodes and reduce the storage pressure on each, similar to distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Guangda Sun , Jialin Li

There is surge of interest to the blockchain technology not only in the scientific community but in the business community as well. Proof of Work (PoW) and Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) are the two main classes of consensus protocols that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Mohammad M. Jalalzai , Costas Busch

Asynchronous Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) consensus protocols, known for their robustness in unpredictable environments without relying on timing assumptions, are becoming increasingly vital for wireless applications. While these…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Shuo Liu , Minghui Xu , Tianyi Sun , Xiuzhen Cheng

We propose uBFT, the first State-Machine Replication (SMR) system to achieve microsecond-scale latency in data centers, while using only $2f{+}1$ replicas to tolerate $f$ Byzantine failures. The Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) provided by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Marcos K. Aguilera , Naama Ben-David , Rachid Guerraoui , Antoine Murat , Athanasios Xygkis , Igor Zablotchi

Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) can preserve the availability and integrity of IoT systems where single components may suffer from random data corruption or attacks that can expose them to malicious behavior. While state-of-the-art BFT…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Christian Berger , Hans P. Reiser , Franz J. Hauck , Florian Held , Jörg Domaschka

Leader election serves a well-defined role in leader-based Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) protocols. Existing reputation-based leader election frameworks for partially synchronous BFTs suffer from either protocol-specific proofs, narrow…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Xuyang Liu , Zijian Zhang , Zhen Li , Jiahang Sun , Jiamou Liu , Peng Jiang

Quantum Byzantine Agreement (QBA), a cornerstone of quantum blockchain, offers inherent advantages in security and fault tolerance over classical protocols, guaranteed by the laws of quantum mechanics. However, existing multiparty QBA…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Chen-Xun Weng , Ming-Yang Li , Shi-Gen Li , Mengya Zhu , Xiao-Ran Sun , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen
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