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We present a formally verified framework for patent analysis as a hybrid AI + Lean 4 pipeline. The DAG-coverage core (Algorithm 1b) is fully machine-verified once bounded match scores are fixed. Freedom-to-operate, claim-construction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 George Koomullil

We introduce ProofGrid, a benchmark suite for evaluating LLM reasoning through machine-checkable proofs rather than final answers alone. ProofGrid contains 15 tasks spanning proof writing, proof checking, proof masking, and proof…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Konstantine Arkoudas , Serafim Batzoglou

We present the Lightweight Parallel Foundations (LPF), an interoperable and model-compliant communication layer adhering to a strict performance model of parallel computations. LPF consists of twelve primitives, each with strict performance…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Wijnand Suijlen , A. N. Yzelman

We introduce SIMCOPILOT, a benchmark that simulates the role of large language models (LLMs) as interactive, "copilot"-style coding assistants. Targeting both completion (finishing incomplete methods or code blocks) and infill tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Mingchao Jiang , Abhinav Jain , Sophia Zorek , Chris Jermaine

There is increasing interest in applying verification tools to programs that have bitvector operations. SMT solvers, which serve as a foundation for these tools, have thus increased support for bitvector reasoning through bit-blasting and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Yuandong Cyrus Liu , Ton-Chanh Le , Eric Koskinen

Input validation is the first line of defense against malformed or malicious inputs. It is therefore critical that the validator (which is often part of the parser) is free of bugs. To build dependable input validators, we propose using…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-07-11 Pierre Ganty , Boris Köpf , Pedro Valero

PyLog is a minimal experimental proof assistant based on linearised natural deduction for intuitionistic and classical first-order logic extended with a comprehension operator. PyLog is interesting as a tool to be used in conjunction with…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-06 Clarence Lewis Protin

We present an executable, proven-safe, faithful, and future-proof Coq mechanization of JavaScript regular expression (regex) matching, as specified by the latest published edition of ECMA-262 section 22.2. This is, to our knowledge, the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Noé De Santo , Aurèle Barrière , Clément Pit-Claudel

This paper presents a new language called APSL for formally describing protocols to facilitate automated testing. Many real world communication protocols exchange messages whose structures are not trivial, e.g. they may consist of multiple…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Tom Tervoort , I. S. W. B. Prasetya

In our research, we introduce a new concept called "LLM Augmented Pentesting" demonstrated with a tool named "Pentest Copilot," that revolutionizes the field of ethical hacking by integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into penetration…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Dhruva Goyal , Sitaraman Subramanian , Aditya Peela , Nisha P. Shetty

Lighthouse projects such as CompCert, seL4, IronFleet, and DeepSpec have demonstrated that full verification of entire systems is feasible by establishing a refinement relation between an abstract system specification and an executable…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Christoph Sprenger , Tobias Klenze , Marco Eilers , Felix A. Wolf , Peter Müller , Martin Clochard , David Basin

In this paper, we propose Puppy, the first formally defined framework for converting any symmetric watermarking into a publicly verifiable one. Puppy allows anyone to verify a watermark any number of times with the help of an untrusted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Devriş İşler , Seoyeon Hwang , Yoshimichi Nakatsuka , Nikolaos Laoutaris , Gene Tsudik

Modern verification tools for deep neural networks (DNNs) increasingly rely on abstraction to scale to realistic architectures. In parallel, proof production is becoming a critical requirement for increasing the reliability of DNN…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yizhak Yisrael Elboher , Omri Isac , Guy Katz , Tobias Ladner , Haoze Wu

Federated Learning has rapidly expanded from its original inception to now have a large body of research, several frameworks, and sold in a variety of commercial offerings. Thus, its security and robustness is of significant importance.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Simone Bottoni , Giulio Zizzo , Stefano Braghin , Alberto Trombetta

Exact diagonalization (ED) is a workhorse technique in computational quantum many-body physics, but published ED results are rarely accompanied by machine-checkable evidence of their numerical correctness. The community typically relies on…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-13 Sarang Vehale , Ritu Goel

A proof of quantumness (PoQ) allows a classical verifier to efficiently test if a quantum machine is performing a computation that is infeasible for any classical machine. In this work, we propose a new approach for constructing PoQ…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-02 Giulio Malavolta , Tamer Mour

Multi-hop question answering (QA) is widely used to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large language models, yet most benchmarks focus on final answer correctness and overlook intermediate reasoning, especially in long multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Biao Xiang , Soyeon Caren Han , Yihao Ding

We present an in-context learning agent for formal theorem-proving in environments like Lean and Coq. Current state-of-the-art models for the problem are finetuned on environment-specific proof data. By contrast, our approach, called COPRA,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Amitayush Thakur , George Tsoukalas , Yeming Wen , Jimmy Xin , Swarat Chaudhuri

Assessing communication and collaboration at scale depends on a labor-intensive task of coding communication data into categories according to different frameworks. Prior research has established that ChatGPT can be directly instructed with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jiangang Hao , Wenju Cui , Patrick Kyllonen , Emily Kerzabi

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have substantially enhanced automated code generation across a wide range of programming languages. Nonetheless, verifying the correctness and executability of LLM-generated code remains a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Xinkui Zhao , Yifan Zhang , Zhengyi Zhou , Yueshen Xu