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Conventional visual object trackers localize targets using handcrafted spatial priors, often in the form of heatmaps. Such priors provide only surrogate supervision and are poorly aligned with tracking optimization and evaluation metrics,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Xin Chen , Chuanyu Sun , Jiao Xu , Houwen Peng , Dong Wang , Huchuan Lu , Kede Ma

We equip an ultra-wideband (UWB) node and a 2D LiDAR sensor a.k.a. 2D laser rangefinder on a mobile robot, and place UWB beacon nodes at unknown locations in an unknown environment. All UWB nodes can do ranging with each other thus forming…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Yang Song , Mingyang Guan , Wee Peng Tay , Choi Look Law , Changyun Wen

Location knowledge in indoor environment using Indoor Positioning Systems (IPS) has become very useful and popular in recent years. Indoor wireless localization suffers from severe multi-path fading and non-line-of-sight conditions. This…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-26 Gang Wang , Zuxuan Zhang

Scaling RL for LLMs is computationally expensive, largely due to multi-sampling for policy optimization and evaluation, making efficient data selection crucial. Inspired by the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) theory, we hypothesize LLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yang Zhao , Kai Xiong , Xiao Ding , Li Du , YangouOuyang , Zhouhao Sun , Jiannan Guan , Wenbin Zhang , Bin Liu , Dong Hu , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) interference poses a serious threat to reliable positioning, especially in indoor and multipath-rich environments where source localization is highly challenging. In this paper, we formulate GNSS…

In this work, we propose a factor graph optimization (FGO) framework to simultaneously solve the calibration problem for Ultra-WideBand (UWB) anchors and the robot localization problem. Calibrating UWB anchors manually can be time-consuming…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Xinghua Liu , Ming Cao

Trapped human detection in search and rescue (SAR) scenarios poses a significant challenge in pervasive computing. This study addresses this issue by leveraging machine learning techniques, given their high accuracy. However, accurate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-29 Jiya A. Enoch , Ilesanmi B. Oluwafemi , Francis A. Ibikunle , Olulope K. Paul

Flexible and efficient wireless resource sharing across heterogeneous services is a key objective for future wireless networks. In this context, we investigate the performance of a system where latency-constrained internet-of-things (IoT)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-19 Anup Mishra , Čedomir Stefanović , Xiuqiang Xu , Petar Popovski , Israel Leyva-Mayorga

Indoor localization is the process of determining the location of a person or object inside a building. Potential usage of indoor localization includes navigation, personalization, safety and security, and asset tracking. Commonly used…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-14 Rahul Vishwakarma , Rucha Bhalchandra Joshi , Subhankar Mishra

In the evolving landscape of the Internet of Things (IoT), integrating cognitive radio (CR) has become a practical solution to address the challenge of spectrum scarcity, leading to the development of cognitive IoT (CIoT). However, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Nadia Abdolkhani , Nada Abdel Khalek , Walaa Hamouda

Due to their adaptability and mobility, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly essential for wireless network services, particularly for data harvesting tasks. In this context, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Babacar Toure , Dimitrios Tsilimantos , Omid Esrafilian , Marios Kountouris

We present in this paper an ultra-low power (ULP) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) based classifier for an always-on voice Wake-Up Sensor (WUS) with performances suitable for real-world applications. The purpose of our sensor is to bring down…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-09 Emmanuel Hardy , Franck Badets

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is an experiment designed to study neutrino oscillations. Determination of neutrino mass ordering and precise measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters $\sin^2 2\theta_{12}$, $\Delta…

We propose a method for predicting the location of user equipment (UE) using wireless fingerprints in dynamic indoor non-line-of-sight (NLoS) environments. In particular, our method copes with the challenges posed by the drift, birth, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-28 Rafail Ismayilov , Renato L. G. Cavalcante , Slawomir Stanczak

User location is a piece of critical information for network management and control. However, location uncertainty is unavoidable in certain settings leading to localization errors. In this paper, we consider the user location uncertainty…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-04 Yujie Yao , Hao Zhou , Melike Erol-Kantarci

Ultra-dense IoT networks require an effective non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme, yet they experience intense interference because of fixed code assignment. We suggest a reinforcement learning (RL) model of dynamic Gold code…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sumita Majhi , Kishan Thakkar , Pinaki Mitra

Indoor localization has recently witnessed an increase in interest, due to the potential wide range of services it can provide by leveraging Internet of Things (IoT), and ubiquitous connectivity. Different techniques, wireless technologies…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-01-18 Faheem Zafari , Athanasios Gkelias , Kin Leung

In the context of single-base station (BS) non-line-of-sight (NLoS) single-epoch localization with the aid of a reflective reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), this paper introduces a novel three-step algorithm that jointly estimates…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-08 Moustafa Rahal , Benoit Denis , Musa Furkan Keskin , Bernard Uguen , Henk Wymeersch

With robots increasingly integrating into human environments, understanding and predicting human motion is essential for safe and efficient interactions. Modern human motion and activity prediction approaches require high quality and…

In this paper, by means of simulations, we evaluate the uplink (UL) performance of an Internet of Things (IoT) capable ultra-dense network (UDN) in terms of the coverage probability and the density of reliably working user equipments (UEs).…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-01-23 Ming Ding , David Lopez Perez