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Related papers: The Probabilistic Solar Particle Event foRecasting…

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Solar energetic particle (SEP) events, as one of the most prominent manifestations of solar activity, can generate severe hazardous radiation when accelerated by solar flares or shock waves formed aside from coronal mass ejections (CMEs).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Anli Ji , Pranjal Patil , Chetraj Pandey , Manolis K. Georgoulis , Berkay Aydin

The forecasting of solar energetic particles (SEPs) is a prominent area of space weather research. Numerous forecasting models exist that predict SEP event properties at proton energies <100MeV. One of these models is the SPARX system, a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-12 Charlotte O. G. Waterfall , Silvia Dalla , Mike S. Marsh , Timo Laitinen , Adam Hutchinson

Solar Energetic Particle (SEPs) with energies ranging from tens of keV to a few GeV, are a significant component in the description of the space environment. In this work, the HESPERIA REleASE product is emphasized, which, based on the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-24 Olga Malandraki , Michalis Karavolos , Arik Posner , Kostas Tziotziou , Henrik Droege , Bernd Heber , Patrick Kuehl

Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are one of the most crucial aspects of space weather. Their prediction depends on various factors including the source solar eruptions such as flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The Geostationary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-16 Sumanth A. Rotti , Petrus C. Martens

Gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events are generally attributed to the particle acceleration in shock waves driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Space-weather effects of such events are important, so there has been continuous…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-17 Alexandr Afanasiev , Nicolas Wijsen , Rami Vainio

Solar energetic particles are mainly protons and originate from the Sun during solar flares or coronal shock waves. Forecasting the Solar Energetic Protons (SEP) flux is critical for several operational sectors, such as communication and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-19 Mohamed Nedal , Kamen Kozarev , Nestor Arsenov , Peijin Zhang

Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are one of the most crucial aspects of space weather that require continuous monitoring and forecasting using robust methods. We demonstrate a proof of concept of using a data-driven supervised…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-13 Sumanth A. Rotti , Berkay Aydin , Petrus C. Martens

Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) form a critical component of Space Weather. The complex, intertwined dynamics of SEP sources, acceleration, and transport make their forecasting very challenging. Yet, information about SEP arrival and their…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-26 Maher A. Dayeh , Subhamoy Chatterjee , Andres Munoz-Jaramillo , Kimberly Moreland , Hazel M. Bain , Samuel Hart

Solar Energetic Particle events (SEPs) are among the most dangerous transient phenomena of solar activity. As hazardous radiation, SEPs may affect the health of astronauts in outer space and adversely impact current and future space…

We present a new empirical model to predict solar energetic particle (SEP) event-integrated and peak intensity spectra between 10 and 130 MeV at 1 AU, based on multi-point spacecraft measurements from the Solar TErrestrial RElations…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-24 Alessandro Bruno , Ian G. Richardson

The capability to predict the parameters of an SEP event such as its onset, peak flux, and duration is critical to assessing any potential space weather impact. We present a new flexible modelling system simulating the propagation of Solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-01 M. S. Marsh , S. Dalla , M. Dierckxsens , T. Laitinen , N. B. Crosby

Prediction of the Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events garner increasing interest as space missions extend beyond Earth's protective magnetosphere. These events, which are, in most cases, products of magnetic reconnection-driven processes…

Extreme Solar Energetic Particle Events (ESPEs) were identified almost a decade ago, providing context for super events unleashed by our host star, the Sun. Their assumed solar origin drives the question of their ``worst-case" impact, which…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-04-09 Konstantin Herbst , Athanasios Papaioannou

Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are known to occur following solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). However some high-energy solar events do not result in SEPs being detected at Earth, and it is these types of event which may…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-29 Bill Swalwell , Silvia Dalla , Robert Walsh

We present a catalog of solar energetic particle (SEP) events covering solar cycles 22, 23 and 24. We correlate and integrate three existing catalogs based on Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) integral proton flux…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 Sumanth Rotti , Berkay Aydin , Manolis K. Georgoulis , Petrus C. Martens

The Sun continuously affects the interplanetary environment through a host of interconnected and dynamic physical processes. Solar flares, Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), and Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) are among the key drivers of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-27 Subhamoy Chatterjee , Maher Dayeh , Andrés Muñoz-Jaramillo , Hazel M. Bain , Kimberly Moreland , Samuel Hart

We introduce a new multivariate data set that utilizes multiple spacecraft collecting in-situ and remote sensing heliospheric measurements shown to be linked to physical processes responsible for generating solar energetic particles (SEPs).…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-30 Kimberly Moreland , Maher Dayeh , Hazel M. Bain , Subhamoy Chatterjee , Andres Munoz-Jaramillo , Samuel Hart

Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and/or solar flares. SEPs travel through the corona and interplanetary space to reach Earth, posing a radiation hazard to spacecraft and astronauts…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-07 Lei Cheng , Ming Zhang , Ryun Young Kwon , David Lario

Large solar eruptive events, including solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), can lead to solar energetic particle (SEP) events. During these events, protons are accelerated up to several GeV and pose numerous space weather risks.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-08 Charlotte Waterfall , Silvia Dalla , Osku Raukunen , Daniel Heynderickx , Piers Jiggens , Rami Vainio

Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are one of the most crucial aspects of space weather that require continuous monitoring and forecasting. Their prediction depends on various factors including source eruptions. In the present work, we…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-27 Sumanth A. Rotti , Berkay Aydin , Petrus C. Martens
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