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A wide range of systems exhibit high dimensional incomplete data. Accurate estimation of the missing data is often desired, and is crucial for many downstream analyses. Many state-of-the-art recovery methods involve supervised learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-15 Adrian V. Dalca , John Guttag , Mert R. Sabuncu

We provide guidance on multiple imputation of missing at random treatments in observational studies. Specifically, analysts should account for both covariates and outcomes, i.e., not just use propensity scores, when imputing the missing…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-23 Joseph Feldman , Jerome P. Reiter

Background: Existing guidelines for handling missing data are generally not consistent with the goals of prediction modelling, where missing data can occur at any stage of the model pipeline. Multiple imputation (MI), often heralded as the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-27 Rose Sisk , Matthew Sperrin , Niels Peek , Maarten van Smeden , Glen P. Martin

Classical semiparametric inference with missing outcome data is not robust to contamination of the observed data and a single observation can have arbitrarily large influence on estimation of a parameter of interest. This sensitivity is…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-02 Eva Cantoni , Xavier de Luna

Missing data is an important challenge when dealing with high dimensional data arranged in the form of an array. In this paper, we propose methods for estimation of the parameters of array variate normal probability model from partially…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-01-06 Deniz Akdemir

Semi-supervised learning has attracted significant attention due to the proliferation of applications featuring limited labeled data but abundant unlabeled data. In this paper, we examine the statistical inference problem in an…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-31 Chao Ying , Siyi Deng , Yang Ning , Jiwei Zhao , Heping Zhang

Given the prevalence of missing data in modern statistical research, a broad range of methods is available for any given imputation task. How does one choose the `best' imputation method in a given application? The standard approach is to…

Applications · Statistics 2022-12-01 Jeffrey Näf , Meta-Lina Spohn , Loris Michel , Nicolai Meinshausen

In many applied fields incomplete covariate vectors are commonly encountered. It is well known that this can be problematic when making inference on model parameters, but its impact on prediction performance is less understood. We develop a…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-14 Garritt L. Page , Fernando A. Quintana , Peter Müller

Data for which a set of objects is described by multiple distinct feature sets (called views) is known as multi-view data. When missing values occur in multi-view data, all features in a view are likely to be missing simultaneously. This…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-21 Wouter van Loon , Marjolein Fokkema , Frank de Vos , Marisa Koini , Reinhold Schmidt , Mark de Rooij

We consider the situation of estimating Cox regression in which some covariates are subject to missing, and there exists additional information (including observed event time, censoring indicator and fully observed covariates) which may be…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-16 Chiu-Hsieh Hsu , Mandi Yu

Missing observations are common in cluster randomised trials. Approaches taken to handling such missing data include: complete case analysis, single-level multiple imputation that ignores the clustering, multiple imputation with a fixed…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-18 Karla Diaz-Ordaz , Michael G. Kenward , Manuel Gomes , Richard Grieve

Missing data is a common challenge when analyzing epidemiological data, and imputation is often used to address this issue. Here, we investigate the scenario where a covariate used in an analysis has missingness and will be imputed. There…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-04 Lucy D'Agostino McGowan , Sarah C. Lotspeich , Staci A. Hepler

Imputation of missing attribute values in medical datasets for extracting hidden knowledge from medical datasets is an interesting research topic of interest which is very challenging. One cannot eliminate missing values in medical records.…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-03-11 Yelipe UshaRani , P. Sammulal

We present an approach for modeling and imputation of nonignorable missing data. Our approach uses Bayesian data integration to combine (1) a Gaussian copula model for all study variables and missingness indicators, which allows arbitrary…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-19 Joseph Feldman , Jerome P. Reiter , Daniel R. Kowal

Inferring causal effects of a treatment, intervention or policy from observational data is central to many applications. However, state-of-the-art methods for causal inference seldom consider the possibility that covariates have missing…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-26 Imke Mayer , Julie Josse , Félix Raimundo , Jean-Philippe Vert

Researchers regularly perform conditional prediction using imputed values of missing data. However, applications of imputation often lack a firm foundation in statistical theory. This paper originated when we were unable to find analysis…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-02-24 Charles F Manski , Michael Gmeiner , Anat Tamburc

We consider statistical inference under a semi-supervised setting where we have access to both a labeled dataset consisting of pairs $\{X_i, Y_i \}_{i=1}^n$ and an unlabeled dataset $\{ X_i \}_{i=n+1}^{n+N}$. We ask the question: under what…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-20 Zichun Xu , Daniela Witten , Ali Shojaie

Logistic regression is a common classification method in supervised learning. Surprisingly, there are very few solutions for performing logistic regression with missing values in the covariates. We suggest a complete approach based on a…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-09 Wei Jiang , Julie Josse , Marc Lavielle , TraumaBase Group

Missing values in multivariate time series data can harm machine learning performance and introduce bias. These gaps arise from sensor malfunctions, blackouts, and human error and are typically addressed by data imputation. Previous work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mohammad Rafid Ul Islam , Prasad Tadepalli , Alan Fern

Missing data represents a fundamental challenge in machine learning applications, often reducing model performance and reliability. This problem is particularly acute in fields like bioinformatics and clinical machine learning, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Fatemeh Azad , Zoran Bosnić , Matjaž Kukar