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Pruning is a standard technique for removing unnecessary structure from a neural network to reduce its storage footprint, computational demands, or energy consumption. Pruning can reduce the parameter-counts of many state-of-the-art neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Jonathan Frankle , David Bau

Transformer-based NLP models are trained using hundreds of millions or even billions of parameters, limiting their applicability in computationally constrained environments. While the number of parameters generally correlates with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Hassan Sajjad , Fahim Dalvi , Nadir Durrani , Preslav Nakov

Large language models(LLMs) have garnered significant attention and demonstrated impressive capabilities in a wide range of applications. However, due to their enormous computational costs, the deployment and application of LLMs are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jialong Guo , Xinghao Chen , Yehui Tang , Yunhe Wang

Recently, state-of-the-art approaches for pruning large pre-trained models (LPMs) have demonstrated that the training-free removal of non-critical residual blocks in Transformers is viable for reducing model size, achieving results that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 J. Pablo Muñoz , Jinjie Yuan , Nilesh Jain

Despite the success of deep neural networks (DNNs), state-of-the-art models are too large to deploy on low-resource devices or common server configurations in which multiple models are held in memory. Model compression methods address this…

Synaptic pruning in biological brains removes weak connections to improve efficiency. In contrast, dropout regularization in artificial neural networks randomly deactivates neurons without considering activity-dependent pruning. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Gideon Vos , Liza van Eijk , Zoltan Sarnyai , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi

The success of the machine learning field has reliably depended on training on large datasets. While effective, this trend comes at an extraordinary cost. This is due to two deeply intertwined factors: the size of models and the size of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Shriram M Sathiyanarayanan , Xinyue Hao , Shihao Hou , Yang Lu , Laura Sevilla-Lara , Anurag Arnab , Shreyank N Gowda

Dropout is a very effective way of regularizing neural networks. Stochastically "dropping out" units with a certain probability discourages over-specific co-adaptations of feature detectors, preventing overfitting and improving network…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-08-04 Pietro Morerio , Jacopo Cavazza , Riccardo Volpi , Rene Vidal , Vittorio Murino

In this work we explore the relevance of dropout for modern language models, particularly in the context of models on the scale of <100M parameters. We explore it's relevance firstly in the regime of improving the sample efficiency of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Dylan Hillier , Leon Guertler , Bobby Cheng , Cheston Tan

Overfitting is a well-known issue extending even to state-of-the-art (SOTA) Machine Learning (ML) models, resulting in reduced generalization, and a significant train-test performance gap. Mitigation measures include a combination of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Shreyas Gururaj , Lars Grüne , Wojciech Samek , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Leander Weber

Structural pruning enables model acceleration by removing structurally-grouped parameters from neural networks. However, the parameter-grouping patterns vary widely across different models, making architecture-specific pruners, which rely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Gongfan Fang , Xinyin Ma , Mingli Song , Michael Bi Mi , Xinchao Wang

We introduce a pruning algorithm that provably sparsifies the parameters of a trained model in a way that approximately preserves the model's predictive accuracy. Our algorithm uses a small batch of input points to construct a data-informed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Cenk Baykal , Lucas Liebenwein , Igor Gilitschenski , Dan Feldman , Daniela Rus

Deep neural networks (DNNs) offer significant flexibility and robust performance. This makes them ideal for building not only system models but also advanced neural network controllers (NNCs). However, their high complexity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Ganesh Sundaram , Jonas Ulmen , Amjad Haider , Daniel Görges

The remarkable performance of large language models (LLMs) in various language tasks has attracted considerable attention. However, the ever-increasing size of these models presents growing challenges for deployment and inference.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Jiayu Qin , Jianchao Tan , Kefeng Zhang , Xunliang Cai , Wei Wang

Dropout is a simple but efficient regularization technique for achieving better generalization of deep neural networks (DNNs); hence it is widely used in tasks based on DNNs. During training, dropout randomly discards a portion of the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Hiroshi Inoue

Deep neural networks often consist of a great number of trainable parameters for extracting powerful features from given datasets. On one hand, massive trainable parameters significantly enhance the performance of these deep networks. On…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Yehui Tang , Yunhe Wang , Yixing Xu , Boxin Shi , Chao Xu , Chunjing Xu , Chang Xu

Model compression is generally performed by using quantization, low-rank approximation or pruning, for which various algorithms have been researched in recent years. One fundamental question is: what types of compression work better for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Miguel Á. Carreira-Perpiñán , Yerlan Idelbayev

With the development of foundational models, model compression has become a critical requirement. Various model compression approaches have been proposed such as low-rank decomposition, pruning, quantization, ergodic dynamic systems, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Jing-Xiao Liao , Haoran Wang , Tao Li , Daoming Lyu , Yi Zhang , Chengjun Cai , Feng-Lei Fan

This paper introduces the concept of abstracted model reduction: a framework to improve the tractability of structure-preserving methods for the complexity reduction of interconnected system models. To effectively reduce high-order,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-21 Luuk Poort , Lars A. L. Janssen , Bart Besselink , Rob H. B. Fey , Nathan van de Wouw

In convolutional neural network (CNN), dropout cannot work well because dropped information is not entirely obscured in convolutional layers where features are correlated spatially. Except randomly discarding regions or channels, many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Tianshu Xie , Minghui Liu , Jiali Deng , Xuan Cheng , Xiaomin Wang , Ming Liu