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Contextual word embeddings (e.g. GPT, BERT, ELMo, etc.) have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on various NLP tasks. Recent work with the multilingual version of BERT has shown that the model performs very well in zero-shot and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Phillip Keung , Yichao Lu , Vikas Bhardwaj

Classifiers are an important and defining feature of the Chinese language, and their correct prediction is key to numerous educational applications. Yet, whether the most popular Large Language Models (LLMs) possess proper knowledge the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ziqi Zhang , Jianfei Ma , Emmanuele Chersoni , Jieshun You , Zhaoxin Feng

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models (PTLMs), such as BERT and its better variant RoBERTa, has been a common practice for advancing performance in natural language understanding (NLU) tasks. Recent advance in representation learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Wenxuan Zhou , Bill Yuchen Lin , Xiang Ren

We present SpanBERT, a pre-training method that is designed to better represent and predict spans of text. Our approach extends BERT by (1) masking contiguous random spans, rather than random tokens, and (2) training the span boundary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Mandar Joshi , Danqi Chen , Yinhan Liu , Daniel S. Weld , Luke Zettlemoyer , Omer Levy

Recent state-of-the-art language models utilize a two-phase training procedure comprised of (i) unsupervised pre-training on unlabeled text, and (ii) fine-tuning for a specific supervised task. More recently, many studies have been focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Itzik Malkiel , Lior Wolf

Lexical simplification (LS) aims to replace complex words in a given sentence with their simpler alternatives of equivalent meaning, to simplify the sentence. Recently unsupervised lexical simplification approaches only rely on the complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Jipeng Qiang , Yun Li , Yi Zhu , Yunhao Yuan , Xindong Wu

In this work, we are dedicated to leveraging the BERT pre-training success and modeling the domain-specific statistics to fertilize the sign language recognition~(SLR) model. Considering the dominance of hand and body in sign language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Weichao Zhao , Hezhen Hu , Wengang Zhou , Jiaxin Shi , Houqiang Li

A possible explanation for the impressive performance of masked language model (MLM) pre-training is that such models have learned to represent the syntactic structures prevalent in classical NLP pipelines. In this paper, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Koustuv Sinha , Robin Jia , Dieuwke Hupkes , Joelle Pineau , Adina Williams , Douwe Kiela

Pre-trained language models have recently contributed to significant advances in NLP tasks. Recently, multi-modal versions of BERT have been developed, using heavy pre-training relying on vast corpora of aligned textual and image data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Thomas Scialom , Patrick Bordes , Paul-Alexis Dray , Jacopo Staiano , Patrick Gallinari

The success of bidirectional encoders using masked language models, such as BERT, on numerous natural language processing tasks has prompted researchers to attempt to incorporate these pre-trained models into neural machine translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Haoran Xu , Benjamin Van Durme , Kenton Murray

With the success of large-scale pre-training in language tasks, there is an increasing trend of applying it to the domain of life sciences. In particular, pre-training methods based on DNA sequences have received increasing attention…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Chaoqi Liang , Lifeng Qiao , Peng Ye , Nanqing Dong , Jianle Sun , Weiqiang Bai , Yuchen Ren , Xinzhu Ma , Hongliang Yan , Chunfeng Song , Wanli Ouyang , Wangmeng Zuo

While BERT produces high-quality sentence embeddings, its pre-training computational cost is a significant drawback. In contrast, ELECTRA provides a cost-effective pre-training objective and downstream task performance improvements, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Ivan Rep , David Dukić , Jan Šnajder

Previous literatures show that pre-trained masked language models (MLMs) such as BERT can achieve competitive factual knowledge extraction performance on some datasets, indicating that MLMs can potentially be a reliable knowledge source. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Boxi Cao , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , Lingyong Yan , Meng Liao , Tong Xue , Jin Xu

While BERT is an effective method for learning monolingual sentence embeddings for semantic similarity and embedding based transfer learning BERT based cross-lingual sentence embeddings have yet to be explored. We systematically investigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jingshu Liu , Raheel Qader , Gaëtan Caillaut , Mariam Nakhlé

Neural language representation models such as BERT pre-trained on large-scale corpora can well capture rich semantic patterns from plain text, and be fine-tuned to consistently improve the performance of various NLP tasks. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Zhengyan Zhang , Xu Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Xin Jiang , Maosong Sun , Qun Liu

Pre-trained contextual language models are ubiquitously employed for language understanding tasks, but are unsuitable for resource-constrained systems. Noncontextual word embeddings are an efficient alternative in these settings. Such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Anik Saha , Alex Gittens , Bulent Yener

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have achieved great success on Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) over the past few years. Although the general language representation learned from large-scale corpora does benefit MRC, the poor support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Fangkai Jiao , Yangyang Guo , Yilin Niu , Feng Ji , Feng-Lin Li , Liqiang Nie

Automated interlinear gloss prediction with neural networks is a promising approach to accelerate language documentation efforts. However, while state-of-the-art models like GlossLM achieve high scores on glossing benchmarks, user studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Michael Ginn , Lindia Tjuatja , Enora Rice , Ali Marashian , Maria Valentini , Jasmine Xu , Graham Neubig , Alexis Palmer

Fine-tuning pre-trained contextualized embedding models has become an integral part of the NLP pipeline. At the same time, probing has emerged as a way to investigate the linguistic knowledge captured by pre-trained models. Very little is,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Marius Mosbach , Anna Khokhlova , Michael A. Hedderich , Dietrich Klakow

Lexical substitution in context is an extremely powerful technology that can be used as a backbone of various NLP applications, such as word sense induction, lexical relation extraction, data augmentation, etc. In this paper, we present a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Nikolay Arefyev , Boris Sheludko , Alexander Podolskiy , Alexander Panchenko
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