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The forward Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is a ubiquitous objective for fitting a parameterized distribution to samples due to its tractability and equivalence to maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). Its inherent asymmetry, however, may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Omri Ben-Dov , Luiz F. O. Chamon

This paper introduces the $(\alpha, \Gamma)$-descent, an iterative algorithm which operates on measures and performs $\alpha$-divergence minimisation in a Bayesian framework. This gradient-based procedure extends the commonly-used…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-25 Kamélia Daudel , Randal Douc , François Portier

We consider the minimization problem of $\phi$-divergences between a given probability measure $P$ and subsets $\Omega$ of the vector space $\mathcal{M}_\mathcal{F}$ of all signed finite measures which integrate a given class $\mathcal{F}$…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-04-26 Michel Broniatowski , Amor Keziou

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are popular and successful generative models. Despite their success, optimization is notoriously challenging. In this work, we explain the success and limitations of GANs by casting them as Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Maurizio Filippone , Marius P. Linhard

The fact that image datasets are often imbalanced poses an intense challenge for deep learning techniques. In this paper, we propose a method to restore the balance in imbalanced images, by coalescing two concurrent methods, generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Pourya Shamsolmoali , Masoumeh Zareapoor , Linlin Shen , Abdul Hamid Sadka , Jie Yang

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are one of the most powerful generative models, but always require a large and balanced dataset to train. Traditional GANs are not applicable to generate minority-class images in a highly imbalanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Gaofeng Huang , Amir H. Jafari

Generative Adversarial Networks are notoriously challenging to train. The underlying minmax optimization is highly susceptible to the variance of the stochastic gradient and the rotational component of the associated game vector field. To…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-24 Tatjana Chavdarova , Matteo Pagliardini , Sebastian U. Stich , Francois Fleuret , Martin Jaggi

Deep generative models aim to learn the underlying distribution of data and generate new ones. Despite the diversity of generative models and their high-quality generation performance in practice, most of them lack rigorous theoretical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Yang Jing , Lei Li

Despite being impactful on a variety of problems and applications, the generative adversarial nets (GANs) are remarkably difficult to train. This issue is formally analyzed by \cite{arjovsky2017towards}, who also propose an alternative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Xiang Wei , Boqing Gong , Zixia Liu , Wei Lu , Liqiang Wang

For some estimations and predictions, we solve minimization problems with asymmetric loss functions. Usually, we estimate the coefficient of regression for these problems. In this paper, we do not make such the estimation, but rather give a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-03 Naoya Yamaguchi , Yuka Yamaguchi , Ryuei Nishii

We study the maximum Hamming distance (or rather, the complementary notion of "minimum approximability") of a general function on a finite group $G$ to either of the sets $\operatorname{End}(G)$ and $\operatorname{Aff}(G)$, of group…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-31 Alexander Bors

This paper demonstrates the robustness of Lipschitz-regularized $\alpha$-divergences as objective functionals in generative modeling, showing they enable stable learning across a wide range of target distributions with minimal assumptions.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-09 Ziyu Chen , Hyemin Gu , Markos A. Katsoulakis , Luc Rey-Bellet , Wei Zhu

Solving the convergence issues of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) is one of the most outstanding problems in generative models. In this work, we propose a novel activation function to be used as output of the generator agent. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Ángel González-Prieto , Alberto Mozo , Sandra Gómez-Canaval , Edgar Talavera

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have shown great promise in modeling high dimensional data. The learning objective of GANs usually minimizes some measure discrepancy, \textit{e.g.}, $f$-divergence~($f$-GANs) or Integral Probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Yuxuan Song , Qiwei Ye , Minkai Xu , Tie-Yan Liu

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) nowadays are capable of producing images of incredible realism. One concern raised is whether the state-of-the-art GAN's learned distribution still suffers from mode collapse, and what to do if so.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Zhenyu Wu , Zhaowen Wang , Ye Yuan , Jianming Zhang , Zhangyang Wang , Hailin Jin

We present Optimal Transport GAN (OT-GAN), a variant of generative adversarial nets minimizing a new metric measuring the distance between the generator distribution and the data distribution. This metric, which we call mini-batch energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Tim Salimans , Han Zhang , Alec Radford , Dimitris Metaxas

We are interested in the design of generative networks. The training of these mathematical structures is mostly performed with the help of adversarial (min-max) optimization problems. We propose a simple methodology for constructing such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Kalliopi Basioti , George V. Moustakides

In this paper, we focus on analyzing the excess risk of the unpaired data generation model, called CycleGAN. Unlike classical GANs, CycleGAN not only transforms data between two unpaired distributions but also ensures the mappings are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Luwei Sun , Dongrui Shen , Han Feng

This paper studies generative adversarial networks (GANs) from the perspective of statistical inference. A GAN is a popular machine learning method in which the parameters of two neural networks, a generator and a discriminator, are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-06 Mika Meitz

We introduce effective training algorithms for Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) to alleviate mode collapse and gradient vanishing. In our system, we constrain the generator by an Autoencoder (AE). We propose a formulation to consider…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Ngoc-Trung Tran , Tuan-Anh Bui , Ngai-Man Cheung