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As potential candidates of dark matter, primordial black holes (PBHs) are within the core scopes of various astronomical observations. In light of the explosive development of gravitational wave (GW) and radio astronomy, we thoroughly…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-23 Yi-Fu Cai , Chao Chen , Xi Tong , Dong-Gang Wang , Sheng-Feng Yan

Gravitational waves (GWs) in the MHz - GHz frequency range are motivated by a host of early Universe phenomena such as oscillons, preheating, and cosmic strings. We point out that baryogenesis too serves as a motivation to probe GWs in this…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-03-14 Thomas C. Gehrman , Barmak Shams Es Haghi , Kuver Sinha , Tao Xu

Ultra-low mass primordial black holes (PBH), which may briefly dominate the energy density of the universe but completely evaporate before the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), can lead to interesting observable signatures. In our previous…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-23 Nilanjandev Bhaumik , Anish Ghoshal , Rajeev Kumar Jain , Marek Lewicki

We investigate the prospects of detecting a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background from the primordial black hole (PBH) reheating epoch. If PBHs form during a non-standard cosmological phase prior to the radiation-dominated era, they…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-03 Debarun Paul , Md Riajul Haque , Supratik Pal

Ultralight primordial black holes (PBHs) with masses $\lesssim 10^{15}$g and subatomic Schwarzschild radii, produced in the early Universe, are expected to have evaporated by the current cosmic age due to Hawking radiation. Based on this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-05 Shasvath J. Kapadia , Kanhaiya Lal Pandey , Teruaki Suyama , Parameswaran Ajith

We discuss the footprint of evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs) on stochastic gravitational waves (GWs) induced by scalar perturbations. We consider the case where PBHs once dominated the Universe but eventually evaporated before…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 Keisuke Inomata , Masahiro Kawasaki , Kyohei Mukaida , Takahiro Terada , Tsutomu T. Yanagida

We study the Primordial Black Hole (PBH) reheating scenario, where PBHs originate in a general cosmological background. In this scenario, ultralight PBHs with masses $M\lesssim 10^8$g temporarily dominate the Universe and reheat it via…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-18 Guillem Domènech , Jan Tränkle

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form as a result of primordial scalar perturbations at small scales. This PBH formation scenario has associated gravitational wave (GW) signatures from second-order GWs induced by the primordial curvature…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-29 Jonathan Kozaczuk , Tongyan Lin , Ethan Villarama

After primordial inflation, the universe may have experienced a prolonged reheating epoch, potentially leading to a phase of matter domination supported by the oscillating inflaton field. During such an epoch, perturbations in the inflaton…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-30 Luis E. Padilla , Juan Carlos Hidalgo , Karim A. Malik , David Mulryne

The gravitational potential of initially Poisson distributed primordial black holes (PBH) can induce a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) at second order in cosmological perturbation theory. This SGWB was previously studied in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-01 Theodoros Papanikolaou

We calculate the gravitational waves (GWs) induced by the density fluctuations due to inhomogeneous distribution of primordial black holes (PBHs) in the case where PBHs eventually dominate and reheat the universe by Hawking evaporation. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-06 Guillem Domènech , Chunshan Lin , Misao Sasaki

Primordial black hole (PBH) mergers have been proposed as an explanation for the gravitational wave events detected by the LIGO collaboration. Such PBHs may be formed in the early Universe as a result of the collapse of extremely rare…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-20 Tomohiro Nakama , Joseph Silk , Marc Kamionkowski

The mass distribution of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) is affected by drops in the pressure of the early Universe plasma. For example, events in the standard model of particle physics, such as the $W^\pm/Z^0$ decoupling, the quark-hadron…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Matteo Braglia , Juan Garcia-Bellido , Sachiko Kuroyanagi

Stochastic background of gravitational waves (GW) generated by the interactions between primordial black holes (PBH) in the early universe and by PBH evaporation is considered. If PBHs dominated in the cosmological energy density prior to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-02 A. D. Dolgov

Ultra-light primordial black holes (PBHs) with masses $M_{\rm PBH}<5\times 10^8\mathrm{g}$ can dominate transiently the energy budget of the Universe and reheat the Universe through their evaporation taking place before Big Bang…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-17 Xin-Chen He , Yi-Fu Cai , Xiao-Han Ma , Theodoros Papanikolaou , Emmanuel N. Saridakis , Misao Sasaki

Ultra-low mass primordial black holes (PBH), briefly dominating the expansion of the universe, would leave detectable imprints in the secondary stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). Such a scenario leads to a characteristic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-25 Nilanjandev Bhaumik , Md Riajul Haque , Rajeev Kumar Jain , Marek Lewicki

We study the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) from the collapse of density perturbations induced by primordial gravitational waves (PGWs). The PGWs' interpretation of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) detected by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-14 Utkarsh Kumar

A perturbation on the background inflaton potential can lead inflation into the ultraslow-roll stage and can thus remarkably enhance the power spectrum ${\cal P}_{\cal R}(k)$ of the primordial curvature perturbation on small scales. Such an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-15 Ji-Xiang Zhao , Xiao-Hui Liu , Nan Li

Primordial Black Holes (PBH) could be the cold dark matter of the universe. They could have arisen from large (order one) curvature fluctuations produced during inflation that reentered the horizon in the radiation era. At reentry, these…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-20 Juan Garcia-Bellido , Marco Peloso , Caner Unal

This is a review article on the primordial black holes (PBHs), with particular focus on the massive ones ($\gtrsim 10^{15}{\rm g}$) which have not evaporated by the present epoch by the Hawking radiation. By the detections of gravitational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-14 Misao Sasaki , Teruaki Suyama , Takahiro Tanaka , Shuichiro Yokoyama
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