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Learning disentangled representations of real-world data is a challenging open problem. Most previous methods have focused on either supervised approaches which use attribute labels or unsupervised approaches that manipulate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Vikash Balasubramanian , Ivan Kobyzev , Hareesh Bahuleyan , Ilya Shapiro , Olga Vechtomova

Learning interpretable and disentangled representations is a crucial yet challenging task in representation learning. In this work, we focus on semi-supervised disentanglement learning and extend work by Locatello et al. (2019) by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Weili Nie , Zichao Wang , Ankit B. Patel , Richard G. Baraniuk

Multi-modal generative models represent an important family of deep models, whose goal is to facilitate representation learning on data with multiple views or modalities. However, current deep multi-modal models focus on the inference of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Mihee Lee , Vladimir Pavlovic

One major challenge of disentanglement learning with variational autoencoders is the trade-off between disentanglement and reconstruction fidelity. Previous studies, which increase the information bottleneck during training, tend to lose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Jiantao Wu , Shentong Mo , Xiang Yang , Muhammad Awais , Sara Atito , Xingshen Zhang , Lin Wang , Xiang Yang

Self-attention, an architectural motif designed to model long-range interactions in sequential data, has driven numerous recent breakthroughs in natural language processing and beyond. This work provides a theoretical analysis of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Benjamin L. Edelman , Surbhi Goel , Sham Kakade , Cyril Zhang

Deep generative models with discrete latent space, such as the Vector-Quantized Variational Autoencoder (VQ-VAE), offer excellent data generation capabilities, but, due to the large size of their latent space, their probabilistic inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Armin Hadžić , Milan Papez , Tomáš Pevný

Deep supervised neural networks trained to classify objects have emerged as popular models of computation in the primate ventral stream. These models represent information with a high-dimensional distributed population code, implying that…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-19 Irina Higgins , Le Chang , Victoria Langston , Demis Hassabis , Christopher Summerfield , Doris Tsao , Matthew Botvinick

This document provides a brief introduction to the attention mechanism used in modern language models based on the Transformer architecture. We first illustrate how text is encoded as vectors and how the attention mechanism processes these…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Michel Fabrice Serret

Learning robust representations of authorial style is crucial for authorship attribution and AI-generated text detection. However, existing methods often struggle with content-style entanglement, where models learn spurious correlations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Hieu Man , Van-Cuong Pham , Nghia Trung Ngo , Franck Dernoncourt , Thien Huu Nguyen

Semi-supervised learning is attracting increasing attention due to the fact that datasets of many domains lack enough labeled data. Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE), in particular, has demonstrated the benefits of semi-supervised learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Yang Li , Quan Pan , Suhang Wang , Haiyun Peng , Tao Yang , Erik Cambria

We propose a probabilistic generative model for unsupervised learning of structured, interpretable, object-based representations of visual scenes. We use amortized variational inference to train the generative model end-to-end. The learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Andrea Dittadi , Ole Winther

Attention-based models have shown significant improvement over traditional algorithms in several NLP tasks. The Transformer, for instance, is an illustrative example that generates abstract representations of tokens inputted to an encoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Dhanasekar Sundararaman , Vivek Subramanian , Guoyin Wang , Shijing Si , Dinghan Shen , Dong Wang , Lawrence Carin

The Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a powerful deep generative model that is now extensively used to represent high-dimensional complex data via a low-dimensional latent space learned in an unsupervised manner. In the original VAE model,…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Xiaoyu Bie , Laurent Girin , Simon Leglaive , Thomas Hueber , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

We present a VAE architecture for encoding and generating high dimensional sequential data, such as video or audio. Our deep generative model learns a latent representation of the data which is split into a static and dynamic part, allowing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Yingzhen Li , Stephan Mandt

Most of the prevalent approaches in speech prosody modeling rely on learning global style representations in a continuous latent space which encode and transfer the attributes of reference speech. However, recent work on neural codecs which…

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are essential tools in end-to-end representation learning. However, the sequential text generation common pitfall with VAEs is that the model tends to ignore latent variables with a strong auto-regressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Yang Zhao , Ping Yu , Suchismit Mahapatra , Qinliang Su , Changyou Chen

This paper proposes a new model, called condition-transforming variational autoencoder (CTVAE), to improve the performance of conversation response generation using conditional variational autoencoders (CVAEs). In conventional CVAEs , the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Yu-Ping Ruan , Zhen-Hua Ling , Quan Liu , Zhigang Chen , Nitin Indurkhya

Latent confounders are a fundamental challenge for inferring causal effects from observational data. The instrumental variable (IV) approach is a practical way to address this challenge. Existing IV based estimators need a known IV or other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Debo Cheng , Jiuyong Li , Lin Liu , Ziqi Xu , Weijia Zhang , Jixue Liu , Thuc Duy Le

Deep generative models are commonly used for generating images and text. Interpretability of these models is one important pursuit, other than the generation quality. Variational auto-encoder (VAE) with Gaussian distribution as prior has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Wenxian Shi , Hao Zhou , Ning Miao , Lei Li

A latent-variable model is introduced for text matching, inferring sentence representations by jointly optimizing generative and discriminative objectives. To alleviate typical optimization challenges in latent-variable models for text, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Dinghan Shen , Yizhe Zhang , Ricardo Henao , Qinliang Su , Lawrence Carin