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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved strong performance on general visual benchmarks but struggle with out-of-distribution (OOD) tasks in specialized domains such as medical imaging, where labeled data is limited and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ci-Siang Lin , Min-Hung Chen , Yu-Yang Sheng , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang

Classification is a fundamental task in machine learning and data mining. Existing classification methods are designed to classify unknown instances within a set of previously known training classes. Such a classification takes the form of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Wajdi Dhifli , Abdoulaye Baniré Diallo

Cross-lingual in-context learning (XICL) has emerged as a transformative paradigm for leveraging large language models (LLMs) to tackle multilingual tasks, especially for low-resource languages. However, existing approaches often rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Mateo Alejandro Rojas , Rafael Carranza

Extreme multi-label classification or XMLC, is an active area of interest in machine learning. Compared to traditional multi-label classification, here the number of labels is extremely large, hence, the name extreme multi-label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Arpan Dasgupta , Preeti Lamba , Ankita Kushwaha , Kiran Ravish , Siddhant Katyan , Shrutimoy Das , Pawan Kumar

The explosion of textual data has made manual document classification increasingly challenging. To address this, we introduce a robust, efficient domain-agnostic generative model framework for multi-label text classification. Instead of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Subhendu Khatuya , Shashwat Naidu , Saptarshi Ghosh , Pawan Goyal , Niloy Ganguly

As a big data application, extreme multilabel classification has emerged as an important research topic with applications in ranking and recommendation of products and items. A scalable hybrid distributed and shared memory implementation of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Pawan Kumar

Grammar competency estimation is essential for assessing linguistic proficiency in both written and spoken language; however, the spoken modality presents additional challenges due to its spontaneous, unstructured, and disfluent nature.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Sourya Dipta Das , Shubham Kumar , Kuldeep Yadav

As one of the most exciting features of large language models (LLMs), in-context learning is a mixed blessing. While it allows users to fast-prototype a task solver with only a few training examples, the performance is generally sensitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Zhongtao Jiang , Yuanzhe Zhang , Cao Liu , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Machine learning approaches to multi-label document classification have to date largely relied on discriminative modeling techniques such as support vector machines. A drawback of these approaches is that performance rapidly drops off as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-11-11 Timothy N. Rubin , America Chambers , Padhraic Smyth , Mark Steyvers

The number of categories of instances in the real world is normally huge, and each instance may contain multiple labels. To distinguish these massive labels utilizing machine learning, eXtreme Label Classification (XLC) has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Daojun Liang , Haixia Zhang , Dongfeng Yuan , Minggao Zhang

Training deep networks with limited labeled data while achieving a strong generalization ability is key in the quest to reduce human annotation efforts. This is the goal of semi-supervised learning, which exploits more widely available…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Daiqing Li , Junlin Yang , Karsten Kreis , Antonio Torralba , Sanja Fidler

Word representation is a key component in neural-network-based sequence labeling systems. However, representations of unseen or rare words trained on the end task are usually poor for appreciable performance. This is commonly referred to as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Minlong Peng , Qi Zhang , Xiaoyu Xing , Tao Gui , Jinlan Fu , Xuanjing Huang

Semantic representations of words have been successfully extracted from unlabeled corpuses using neural network models like word2vec. These representations are generally high quality and are computationally inexpensive to train, making them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Raj Patel , Carlotta Domeniconi

Partition-based methods are increasingly-used in extreme multi-label classification (XMC) problems due to their scalability to large output spaces (e.g., millions or more). However, existing methods partition the large label space into…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-25 Xuanqing Liu , Wei-Cheng Chang , Hsiang-Fu Yu , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Inderjit S. Dhillon

We address the problem of generalized category discovery (GCD) in this paper, i.e. clustering the unlabeled images leveraging the information from a set of seen classes, where the unlabeled images could contain both seen classes and unseen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Yixin Fei , Zhongkai Zhao , Siwei Yang , Bingchen Zhao

In Extreme Multi Label Completion (XMLCo), the objective is to predict the missing labels of a collection of documents. Together with XML Classification, XMLCo is arguably one of the most challenging document classification tasks, as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Julien Audiffren , Christophe Broillet , Ljiljana Dolamic , Philippe Cudré-Mauroux

Supervisory signals have the potential to make low-dimensional data representations, like those learned by mixture and topic models, more interpretable and useful. We propose a framework for training latent variable models that explicitly…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have great success in natural language processing tasks such as response generation. However, their use in tabular data has been limited due to their inferior performance compared to traditional machine learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Kangjun Noh , Baekryun Seong , Hoyoon Byun , Youngjun Choi , Sungjin Song , Kyungwoo Song

The goal for classification is to correctly assign labels to unseen samples. However, most methods misclassify samples with unseen labels and assign them to one of the known classes. Open-Set Classification (OSC) algorithms aim to maximize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Halil Bisgin , Andres Palechor , Mike Suter , Manuel Günther

Extreme multi-label learning (XML) is a task of assigning multiple labels from an extremely large set of labels to each data instance. Many current high-performance XML models are composed of a lot of hyperparameters, which complicates the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Kazuma Onishi , Katsuhiko Hayashi