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The rapid growth of research in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) follows on two substantial developments. First, the enormous application success of modern machine learning methods, especially deep and reinforcement learning, which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-06 S. Atakishiyev , H. Babiker , N. Farruque , R. Goebel1 , M-Y. Kima , M. H. Motallebi , J. Rabelo , T. Syed , O. R. Zaïane

Explanation is key to people having confidence in high-stakes AI systems. However, machine-learning-based systems -- which account for almost all current AI -- can't explain because they are usually black boxes. The explainable AI (XAI)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Sergei Nirenburg , Marjorie McShane , Kenneth W. Goodman , Sanjay Oruganti

An explainable AI (XAI) model aims to provide transparency (in the form of justification, explanation, etc) for its predictions or actions made by it. Recently, there has been a lot of focus on building XAI models, especially to provide…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Arjun Akula , Song-Chun Zhu

As AI systems are increasingly deployed to support decision-making in critical domains, explainability has become a means to enhance the understandability of these outputs and enable users to make more informed and conscious choices.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Maria J. P. Peixoto , Akriti Pandey , Ahsan Zaman , Peter R. Lewis

Not only automation of manufacturing processes but also automation of automation procedures itself become increasingly relevant to automation research. In this context, automated capability assessment, mainly leveraged by deep learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Raoul Schönhof , Artem Werner , Jannes Elstner , Boldizsar Zopcsak , Ramez Awad , Marco Huber

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods help to understand the internal mechanism of machine learning models and how they reach a specific decision or made a specific action. The list of informative features is one of the most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ahmed M Salih

Artificial intelligence methods are being increasingly applied across various domains, but their often opaque nature has raised concerns about accountability and trust. In response, the field of explainable AI (XAI) has emerged to address…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ryan Zhou , Jaume Bacardit , Alexander Brownlee , Stefano Cagnoni , Martin Fyvie , Giovanni Iacca , John McCall , Niki van Stein , David Walker , Ting Hu

Our work serves as a framework for unifying the challenges of contemporary explainable AI (XAI). We demonstrate that while XAI methods provide supplementary and potentially useful output for machine learning models, researchers and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Alicja Chaszczewicz

Deep neural networks form the backbone of artificial intelligence research, with potential to transform the human experience in areas ranging from autonomous driving to personal assistants, healthcare to education. However, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Vinitra Swamy

Machine learning and deep learning have become increasingly prevalent in financial prediction and forecasting tasks, offering advantages such as enhanced customer experience, democratising financial services, improving consumer protection,…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-11-14 Branka Hadji Misheva , Joerg Osterrieder

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become essential for analyzing complex data and solving highly-challenging tasks. It is being applied across numerous disciplines beyond computer science, including Food Engineering, where there is a growing…

Explainable artificial intelligence is an emerging and evolving concept. Its impact on construction, though yet to be realised, will be profound in the foreseeable future. Still, XAI has received limited attention in construction. As a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Peter ED Love , Jane Matthews , Weili Fang , Stuart Porter , Hanbin Luo , Lieyun Ding

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the disruptive technologies that is shaping the future. It has growing applications for data-driven decisions in major smart city solutions, including transportation, education, healthcare, public…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 M. Humayn Kabir , Khondokar Fida Hasan , Mohammad Kamrul Hasan , Keyvan Ansari

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become a powerful tool for modeling and analyzing data with graph structures. The wide adoption in numerous applications underscores the value of these models. However, the complexity of these methods often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Tien Cuong Bui

The explainability of AI has transformed from a purely technical issue to a complex issue closely related to algorithmic governance and algorithmic security. The lack of explainable AI (XAI) brings adverse effects that can cross all…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Yulu Pi

The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence requires accurate forecasts and means to understand the reasoning of artificial intelligence models behind such a forecast. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to provide cues…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Jože M. Rožanec , Patrik Zajec , Klemen Kenda , Inna Novalija , Blaž Fortuna , Dunja Mladenić

Neural network architectures are achieving superhuman performance on an expanding range of tasks. To effectively and safely deploy these systems, their decision-making must be understandable to a wide range of stakeholders. Methods to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Scott Cheng-Hsin Yang , Tomas Folke , Patrick Shafto

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is an emerging research field bringing transparency to highly complex and opaque machine learning (ML) models. Despite the development of a multitude of methods to explain the decisions of black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Leander Weber , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Alexander Binder , Wojciech Samek

This research introduces an advanced Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework designed to elucidate the decision-making processes of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agents in ORAN architectures. By offering network-oriented…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-20 Suvidha Mhatre , Ferran Adelantado , Kostas Ramantas , Christos Verikoukis

There are concerns about the reliability and safety of artificial intelligence (AI) based on sub-symbolic neural networks because its decisions cannot be explained explicitly. This is the black box problem of modern AI. At the same time,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-21 V. L. Kalmykov , L. V. Kalmykov
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