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Self-supervision provides effective representations for downstream tasks without requiring labels. However, existing approaches lag behind fully supervised training and are often not thought beneficial beyond obviating or reducing the need…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Dan Hendrycks , Mantas Mazeika , Saurav Kadavath , Dawn Song

Detection of periodic patterns of interest within noisy time series data plays a critical role in various tasks, spanning from health monitoring to behavior analysis. Existing learning techniques often rely on labels or clean versions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Berken Utku Demirel , Christian Holz

Existing methods for large-scale point cloud semantic segmentation require expensive, tedious and error-prone manual point-wise annotations. Intuitively, weakly supervised training is a direct solution to reduce the cost of labeling.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Yachao Zhang , Zonghao Li , Yuan Xie , Yanyun Qu , Cuihua Li , Tao Mei

Many of the causal discovery methods rely on the faithfulness assumption to guarantee asymptotic correctness. However, the assumption can be approximately violated in many ways, leading to sub-optimal solutions. Although there is a line of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Ignavier Ng , Yujia Zheng , Jiji Zhang , Kun Zhang

We propose a method for jointly inferring labels across a collection of data samples, where each sample consists of an observation and a prior belief about the label. By implicitly assuming the existence of a generative model for which a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Esther Rolf , Nikolay Malkin , Alexandros Graikos , Ana Jojic , Caleb Robinson , Nebojsa Jojic

Weak supervision allows machine learning models to learn from limited or noisy labels, but it introduces challenges in interpretability and reliability - particularly in multi-instance partial label learning (MI-PLL), where models must…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Nijesh Upreti , Vaishak Belle

Semi-weakly supervised semantic segmentation (SWSSS) aims to train a model to identify objects in images based on a small number of images with pixel-level labels, and many more images with only image-level labels. Most existing SWSSS…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Wonho Bae , Junhyug Noh , Milad Jalali Asadabadi , Danica J. Sutherland

Pseudo-labeling is a commonly used paradigm in semi-supervised learning, yet its application to semi-supervised regression (SSR) remains relatively under-explored. Unlike classification, where pseudo-labels are discrete and confidence-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Xueqing Sun , Renzhen Wang , Quanziang Wang , Yichen Wu , Xixi Jia , Deyu Meng

Gaussian mixture models are widely used to model data generated from multiple latent sources. Despite its popularity, most theoretical research assumes that the labels are either independent and identically distributed, or follows a Markov…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Seunghyun Lee , Rajarshi Mukherjee , Sumit Mukherjee

In lexicon-based classification, documents are assigned labels by comparing the number of words that appear from two opposed lexicons, such as positive and negative sentiment. Creating such words lists is often easier than labeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Jacob Eisenstein

Semi-supervised learning is a setting in which one has labeled and unlabeled data available. In this survey we explore different types of theoretical results when one uses unlabeled data in classification and regression tasks. Most methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Alexander Mey , Marco Loog

Modeling persuasive language has the potential to better facilitate our decision-making processes. Despite its importance, computational modeling of persuasion is still in its infancy, largely due to the lack of benchmark datasets that can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Jiaao Chen , Diyi Yang

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) constructs classifiers using both labelled and unlabelled data. It leverages information from labelled samples, whose acquisition is often costly or labour-intensive, together with unlabelled data to enhance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-29 Jinran Wu , You-Gan Wang , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

We analyze a reversed-supervision strategy that searches over labelings of a large unlabeled set \(B\) to minimize error on a small labeled set \(A\). The search space is \(2^n\), and the resulting complexity remains exponential even under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Masoud Makrehchi

Despite the success of machine learning applications in science, industry, and society in general, many approaches are known to be non-robust, often relying on spurious correlations to make predictions. Spuriousness occurs when some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Chun-Hao Chang , George Alexandru Adam , Anna Goldenberg

Future superhuman models will surpass the ability of humans and humans will only be able to \textit{weakly} supervise superhuman models. To alleviate the issue of lacking high-quality data for model alignment, some works on weak-to-strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Hao Lang , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

In this paper, we present a method to learn a visual representation adapted for e-commerce products. Based on weakly supervised learning, our model learns from noisy datasets crawled on e-commerce website catalogs and does not require any…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Charles Corbière , Hedi Ben-Younes , Alexandre Ramé , Charles Ollion

Monocular height estimation provides an efficient and cost-effective solution for three-dimensional perception in remote sensing. However, training deep neural networks for this task demands abundant annotated data, while high-quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Sining Chen , Yilei Shi , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Visual knowledge bases such as Visual Genome power numerous applications in computer vision, including visual question answering and captioning, but suffer from sparse, incomplete relationships. All scene graph models to date are limited to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Vincent S. Chen , Paroma Varma , Ranjay Krishna , Michael Bernstein , Christopher Re , Li Fei-Fei

Complementary-label learning is a weakly supervised learning problem in which each training example is associated with one or multiple complementary labels indicating the classes to which it does not belong. Existing consistent approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Wei Wang , Takashi Ishida , Yu-Jie Zhang , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama