Related papers: Current density in solar fuel technologies
Effective water management is essential for the optimal performance of PEM fuel cells. We have developed an impedance model for liquid water transport through the membrane and coupled it with the two-phase model for cathode side impedance.…
Due to the high quality constraints available for the Sun, we can carry out combined analyses using neutrino, spectroscopic and helioseismic observations. Such studies lay the ground for future improvements of key physical components of…
A general problem arising in computer simulations is the number of material and device parameters, which have to be determined by dedicated experiments and simulation-based parameter extraction. In this study we analyze measurements of the…
The large-scale practical application of fuel cells in hydrogen economy is possible only with a dramatic reduction of the cost coupled with a significant improvement of the electrocatalytic properties of the electrodes. This goal can be…
Hot carrier solar cells allow potential efficiency close to the thermodynamical limit in ideal conditions. However, the feasability of such devices has not been clearly stated so far and only ideal cells were considered in previous studies.…
Energetic disorder has been known for decades to limit the performance of structurally disordered semiconductors such as amorphous silicon and organic semiconductors. However, in the past years, high performance organic solar cells have…
The physics of organic bulk heterojunction solar cells is studied within a six state model, which is used to analyze the factors that affect current-voltage characteristics, power-voltage properties and efficiency, and their dependence on…
Future generations of photoelectrodes for solar fuel generation must employ inexpensive, earth-abundant absorber materials in order to provide a large-scale source of clean energy. These materials tend to have poor electrical transport…
Organic heterojunction solar cells are analyzed within a minimal model that includes the essential physical features of such systems. The dynamical properties of this model, calculated using a master equation approach, account for the…
The present work is an attempt to understand and review existing methods of energy generation in electric vehicles in the modern day context. Previous works in the field have proposed various mechanisms of energy generation that are very…
III-V materials show a wide range of gaps making them ideal for the design of high efficiency solar cells. This chapter reviews relevant growth methods and material properties of these materials and discusses methods of combining…
[abridged] We determine the relationship between turbulence energy and gas density variance for 15 molecular clouds in the Solar neighbourhood. We use the linewidths of the CO molecule as the probe of the turbulence energy (sonic Mach…
The Shockley equation (SE), originally derived to describe a p--n junction, was frequently used in the past to simulate current--voltage (j/V) characteristics of organic solar cells (OSC). In order to gain a more detailed understanding of…
The splitting of water with sunlight using photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) to produce hydrogen is a promising avenue for sustainable energy production. The greatest virtue of PEC is that it uses sunlight as the only source to split water,…
A key challenge in the development of materials for the next generation of solar cells, sensors and transistors is linking macroscopic device performance to underlying microscopic properties. For years, fabrication of devices has been…
Solar energy is clean and renewable but has a low flux density. The lack of a continuous and reliable power supply reduces their average daily output. Since the infrared part is not utilized to produce electricity, conventional photovoltaic…
Photogalvanic solar cells, the original dye based solar cell, have yet to fulfill their promise as a low fabrication cost, scalable energy conversion system. The efficient performance of photogalvanic cells relies on high dye solubility and…
Low open circuit voltage ($V_{OC}$) has been recognized as the number one problem in the current generation of Cu$_{2}$ZnSn(Se,S)$_{4}$ (CZTSSe) solar cells. We report high light intensity and low temperature Suns-$V_{OC}$ measurement in…
We examine several different simplified approaches for modelling the chemistry of CO in three-dimensional numerical simulations of turbulent molecular clouds. We compare the different models both by looking at the behaviour of integrated…
To obtain significant increases in the Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) of solar cells, future cell research and development should be based on the concomitant improvement of multiple material properties, rather than on the…