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The high rate of black hole (BH) mergers detected by LIGO/Virgo opened questions on their astrophysical origin. One possibility is the dynamical channel, in which binary formation and hardening is catalyzed by dynamical encounters in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-10-24 Giacomo Fragione , Bence Kocsis

Galaxy mergers are fundamental drivers of galaxy evolution and black hole (BH) growth across cosmic time. We use the Horizon-AGN simulation to investigate the fraction of galaxy pairs, the merger fraction, and the galaxy merger rate over a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-14 Ecaterina Leonova , Marta Volonteri , Clotilde Laigle , Samaya Nissanke , Pascal A. Oesch , Yohan Dubois

Young star clusters are the most common birth-place of massive stars and are dynamically active environments. Here, we study the formation of black holes (BHs) and binary black holes (BBHs) in young star clusters, by means of 6000 N-body…

Massive black hole (MBH) binaries, formed as a result of galaxy mergers, are expected to harden by dynamical friction and three-body stellar scatterings, until emission of gravitational waves (GWs) leads to their final coalescence.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-04-04 Elisa Bortolas , Alessia Gualandris , Massimo Dotti , Justin I. Read

Six gravitational wave events have been reported by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration (LVC), five of them associated with black hole binary (BHB) mergers and one with a double neutron star (DNS) merger, while the coalescence of a black…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-22 Nicola Giacobbo , Michela Mapelli

Stellar mass black holes (BHs) are expected to segregate and form a steep density cusp around supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei. We follow the evolution of a multi-mass system of BHs and stars by numerically integrating…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ryan M. O'Leary , Bence Kocsis , Abraham Loeb

In this study, we investigate the impact of modified gravity on the merger rate of compact binaries within dark-matter spikes surrounding super-massive black holes (SMBHs). Specifically, we calculate binary merger rates involving primordial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-23 Saeed Fakhry , Sara Gholamhoseinian , Marzieh Farhang

The coalescence of massive black hole binaries (BHBs) in galactic mergers is the primary source of gravitational waves (GWs) at low frequencies. Current estimates of GW detection rates for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna and the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-07-08 Imran Nasim , Alessia Gualandris , Justin Read , Walter Dehnen , Maxime Delorme , Fabio Antonini

During a giant eruption of a very massive star in the binary system, the companion star can accrete a large amount of mass that can change its properties and potentially its subsequent evolution. The effect depends on the companion mass,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-15 Bhawna Mukhija , Amit Kashi

Binary black holes (BBHs) are thought to form in different environments, including the galactic field and (globular, nuclear, young and open) star clusters. Here, we propose a method to estimate the fingerprints of the main BBH formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-06-03 Manuel Arca Sedda , Michela Mapelli , Mario Spera , Matthew Benacquista , Nicola Giacobbo

Merging supermassive black hole binaries is expected as a consequence of galaxy mergers, yet the detailed evolution path and underlying merging mechanisms of these binaries are still subject to large theoretical uncertainties. In this work,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-29 Yun Fang , Huan Yang

We use hydrodynamic simulations to examine how the baryonic components of galaxies are assembled, focusing on the relative importance of mergers and smooth accretion in the formation of ~L_* systems. In our primary simulation, which models…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Chigurupati Murali , Neal Katz , Lars Hernquist , David H. Weinberg , Romeel Dave

Compact binaries such as double neutron stars or a neutron star paired with a black-hole, are strong sources of gravitational waves during coalescence and also the likely progenitors of various electromagnetic phenomena, notably…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-01 S. Mandhai , G. P. Lamb , N. R. Tanvir , J. Bray , C. J. Nixon , R. A. J. Eyles-Ferris , A. J. Levan , B. P. Gompertz

Mergers of compact objects may lead to different astrophysical phenomena: they may provide sources of observable gravitational radiation, and also may be connected with gamma-ray bursts. Estimate of the rate with which such mergers take…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-25 Krzysztof Belczynski , Tomasz Bulik

Galaxy merger timescales are crucial for understanding and modeling galaxy formation in our hierarchically structured Universe. However, previous studies have reported widely varying dependencies of merger timescales on initial orbital…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-08 Kun Xu , Y. P. Jing

With projects such as Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) and Pulsar Timing Arrays expected to detect gravitational waves from supermassive black hole mergers in the near future, it is key that we understand what we expect those…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-07-30 Colin DeGraf , Debora Sijacki , Tiziana Di Matteo , Kelly Holley-Bockelmann , Greg Snyder , Volker Springel

We study the observational constraints on the cosmic evolution of the relationships between the massive black hole (MBH) mass (M_bh) and the stellar mass (M^*_sph; or velocity dispersion \sigma) of the host galaxy/spheroid. Assuming that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Xiaoxia Zhang , Youjun Lu , Qingjuan Yu

[ABRIDGED] We study supermassive black hole binary mergers driven by angular momentum loss to small-scale gas discs. Such binaries form after major galaxy mergers, but their fate is unclear since hardening through stellar scattering becomes…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-03-08 J. Cuadra , P. J. Armitage , R. D. Alexander , M. C. Begelman

Observational data show that the correlation between supermassive black holes (MBH) and galaxy bulge (Mbulge) masses follows a nearly linear trend, and that the correlation is strongest with the bulge rather than the total stellar mass…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-02-16 Chien Y. Peng

We use a suite of semi-empirical models to predict galaxy merger rates and contributions to bulge growth as functions of merger mass, redshift, and mass ratio. The models use empirical halo occupation constraints to identify mergers,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-05-07 Philip F. Hopkins , Kevin Bundy , Darren Croton , Lars Hernquist , Dusan Keres , Sadegh Khochfar , Kyle Stewart , Andrew Wetzel , Joshua D. Younger