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A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a prospective wireless technology that enhances wireless channel quality. An RIS is often equipped with passive array of elements and provides cost and power-efficient solutions for coverage…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Hyuckjin Choi , Ly V. Nguyen , Junil Choi , A. Lee Swindlehurst

This paper presents a dual-hop hybrid framework that integrates a free-space optical (FSO)/RIS-aided radio frequency (RF) link operating under a hard-switching protocol as the first hop, and an optical reconfigurable intelligent surface…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-08 Aboozar Heydaribeni , Hamzeh Beyranvand , Sahar Eslami

This paper develops a physically consistent signal model with hardware constraints for a simultaneous transmitting and reflecting beyond-diagonal RIS (STAR BD-RIS) endowed with per-element amplification and lossless power splitting. We…

Federated learning (FL) is a viable technique to train a shared machine learning model without sharing data. Hierarchical FL (HFL) system has yet to be studied regrading its multiple levels of energy, computation, communication, and client…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Xiaojing Chen , Zhenyuan Li , Wei Ni , Xin Wang , Shunqing Zhang , Yanzan Sun , Shugong Xu , Qingqi Pei

Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RIS) offer a transformative approach for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, particularly for enhancing physical layer security (PLS). This…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Rakesh Ranjan , Anshu Mukherjee , Manjesh K. Hanawal , Keshav Singh , Ioannis Krikidis

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is recognized as one of the key enabling technologies for sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication networks, facilitating diverse emerging applications and services in an energy and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Zehra Yigit , Ertugrul Basar

This paper introduces a novel approach of utilizing the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) for joint data modulation and signal beamforming in a multi-user downlink cellular network by leveraging the idea of backscatter communication.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Haseeb Ur Rehman , Faouzi Bellili , Amine Mezghani , Ekram Hossain

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) that enables the control of the wireless propagation environment has been looked upon as a promising technology for boosting the spectrum and energy efficiency in future wireless communication systems.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-26 Samith Abeywickrama , Rui Zhang , Chau Yuen

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is considered to be an energy-efficient approach to reshape the wireless environment for improved throughput. Its passive feature greatly reduces the energy consumption, which makes RIS a promising…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Keke Ying , Zhen Gao , Shanxiang Lyu , Yongpeng Wu , Hua Wang , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

In this work, we propose a method for efficient resource utilization of simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) elements to ensure fair and high data rates. We introduce a subsurface…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ashok S. Kumar , Nancy Nayak , Sheetal Kalyani , Himal A. Suraweera

A double self-sustainable reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) assisted multi-user multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system is investigated. Two RISs are equipped with energy harvesting circuit to achieve self-sustainable…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Ji Wang , Suhong Luo , Yixuan Li , Wenwu Xie , Xingwang Li , Arumugam Nallanathan

Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) have been attracting significant attention in both academia and industry for their advantages of achieving 360{\deg} coverage and enhanced degrees of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yuanwei Liu , Jiaqi Xu , Zhaolin Wang , Xidong Mu , Jianhua Zhang , Ping Zhang

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) provides a promising way to build programmable wireless transmission environments. Owing to the massive number of controllable reflecting elements on the surface, RIS is capable of providing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Xiaoyan Ma , Yuguang Fang , Haixia Zhang , Shuaishuai Guo , Dongfeng Yuan

Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) addresses computational and battery limitations in devices by allowing them to offload computation tasks. To overcome the difficulties in establishing line-of-sight connections, integrating unmanned aerial…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Pyae Sone Aung , Loc X. Nguyen , Yan Kyaw Tun , Zhu Han , Choong Seon Hong

Federated learning (FL), as a disruptive machine learning paradigm, enables the collaborative training of a global model over decentralized local datasets without sharing them. It spans a wide scope of applications from Internet-of-Things…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-01 Yuhan Yang , Yong Zhou , Youlong Wu , Yuanming Shi

This paper explores an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) network empowered by multiple active simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs). A base station (BS) furnishes downlink…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-25 Hyeonho Noh , Hyeonsu Lyu , Hyun Jong Yang

This paper investigates the multi-antenna covert communications assisted by a simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS). In particular, to shelter the existence of communications between…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Han Xiao , Xiaoyan Hu , Pengcheng Mu , Wenjie Wang , Tong-Xing Zheng , Kai-Kit Wong , Kun Yang

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted aerial non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) offer a promising paradigm for enhancing wireless communications in the era of 6G and beyond. By integrating RIS with aerial platforms such as unmanned…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-30 Muhammad Umer , Muhammad Ahmed Mohsin , Aryan Kaushik , Qurrat-ul-Ain Nadeem , Ali Arshad Nasir , Syed Ali Hassan

This paper investigates a joint beamforming and resource allocation problem in downlink reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems to minimize the average delay, where data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Yu Ma , Xiao Li , Chongtao Guo , Le Liang , Michail Matthaiou , Shi Jin

The latest assessments of the emerging technologies for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have indicated the concept's significant potential for localization and sensing, either as individual or simultaneously realized tasks.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Reza Ghazalian , George C. Alexandropoulos , Gonzalo Seco-Granados , Henk Wymeersch , Riku Jäntti