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We give examples of proper minimal immersions in Euclidean space with very rapid area growth. The first is a proper embedding into $\bf{R}^4$ that yields a stable minimal surface, while the second is a proper immersion into $\bf{R}^3$.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Tobias Holck Colding , Francisco Martín , William P. Minicozzi

We investigate constraints on embeddings of a non-orientable surface in a $4$-manifold with the homology of $M \times I$, where $M$ is a rational homology $3$-sphere. The constraints take the form of inequalities involving the genus and…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-05-27 Ira M. Gessel , Adam Simon Levine , Daniel Ruberman , Saso Strle

A knot k in a closed orientable 3-manifold is called nonsimple if the exterior of k possesses a properly embedded essential surface of nonnegative Euler characteristic. We show that if k is a nonsimple prime tunnel number one knot in a lens…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-08-13 Michael J. Williams

For a closed 4-manifold X and closed 3-manifold M we investigate the smallest integer n (perhaps infinity) such that M embeds in the connected sum of n copies of X. It is proven that any lens space (or homology lens space) embeds…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Allan L. Edmonds

The fact that the complete graph $K_5$ does not embed in the plane has been generalized in two independent directions. On the one hand, the solution of the classical Heawood problem for graphs on surfaces established that the complete graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-31 Xavier Goaoc , and Isaac Mabillard , Pavel Paták , Zuzana Patáková , Martin Tancer , Uli Wagner

In arXiv:math/0605587, the first two authors have constructed a gauge-equivariant Morse stratification on the space of connections on a principal U(n)-bundle over a connected, closed, nonorientable surface. This space can be identified with…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-05-07 Nan-Kuo Ho , Chiu-Chu Melissa Liu , Daniel A. Ramras

This paper uses results on the classification of minimal triangulations of 3-manifolds to produce additional results, using covering spaces. Using previous work on minimal triangulations of lens spaces, it is shown that the lens space…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-10-01 William Jaco , J. Hyam Rubinstein , Stephan Tillmann

We present numerical polyhedron data for the image of a piecewise-linear map from a zero-curvature Klein bottle into Euclidean 3-space such that every point in the domain has a neighborhood which is isometrically embedded. To the author's…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-04-15 Stepan Paul

We prove that closed surfaces of all topological types, except for the non-orientable odd-genus ones, can be minimally embedded in the Riemannian product of a sphere and a circle of arbitrary radius. We illustrate it by obtaining some…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-03-20 José M. Manzano , Julia Plehnert , Francisco Torralbo

A scheme is discussed for embedding n-dimensional, Riemannian manifolds in an (n+1)-dimensional Einstein space. Criteria for embedding a given manifold in a spacetime that represents a solution to Einstein's equations sourced by a massless…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Edward Anderson , James E. Lidsey

We present an explicit piecewise linear map from a flat Klein bottle (i.e. one that is locally isometric to the Euclidean plane) into Euclidean 3-space an that is an isometric immersion -- a path isometry that is locally injective. The…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Stepan Paul

We show that compact Riemannian manifolds, regarded as metric spaces with their global geodesic distance, cannot contain a number of rigid structures such as (a) arbitrarily large regular simplices or (b) arbitrarily long sequences of…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2021-01-06 Alexandru Chirvasitu

We consider a complete nonnegative biminimal submanifold M (that is, a complete biminimal submanifold with lambda>=0) in a Euclidean space E^N. Assume that the immersion is proper, that is, the preimage of every compact set in E^N is also…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-03 Shun Maeta

In this note, a general result for determining the rational hulls of fibered sets in $\mathbb{C}^2$ is established. We use this to compute the rational hull of Rudin's Klein bottle, the first explicit example of a totally real nonorientable…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2018-12-20 John T. Anderson , Purvi Gupta , Edgar L. Stout

Graphs that are critical (minimal excluded minors) for embeddability in surfaces are studied. In Part I, it was shown that graphs that are critical for embeddings into surfaces of Euler genus $k$ or for embeddings into nonorientable surface…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-04 Bojan Mohar , Petr Škoda

We develop obstructions to a knot K in the 3-sphere bounding a smooth punctured Klein bottle in the 4-ball. The simplest of these is based on the linking form of the 2-fold branched cover of the 3-sphere branched over K. Stronger…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-05-15 Patrick M. Gilmer , Charles Livingston

We prove that for any compact orientable connected 3-manifold with torus boundary, a concatenation of it and the direct product of the circle and the Klein bottle with an open 2-disk removed admits a Lagrangian embedding into the standard…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-08-21 Toru Yoshiyasu

Using an obstruction based on Donaldson's theorem on the intersection forms of definite 4-manifolds, we determine which connected sums of lens spaces smoothly embed in S^4. We also find constraints on the Seifert invariants of Seifert…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-03-28 Andrew Donald

This paper completes the classification of regular Lagrangian fibratiopns over compact surfaces. \cite{misha} classifies regular Lagrangian fibrations over $\mathbb{T}^2$. The main theorem in \cite{hirsch} is used in order to classify…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-01-05 D. Sepe

Braided embeddings are embeddings to a product disc bundle so the projection to the first factor is a branched cover. In this paper, we study which branched covers lift to braided embeddings, which is a generalization of the Borsuk-Ulam…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-04-09 Sudipta Kolay