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We describe a possible general and simple paradigm in a classical thermal setting for discrete time crystals (DTCs), systems with stable dynamics which is subharmonic to the driving frequency thus breaking discrete time-translational…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-01-22 F. M. Gambetta , F. Carollo , A. Lazarides , I. Lesanovsky , J. P. Garrahan

In periodically driven (Floquet) systems, evolution typically results in an infinite-temperature thermal state due to continuous energy absorption over time. However, before reaching thermal equilibrium, such systems may transiently pass…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Kazuya Shinjo , Kazuhiro Seki , Tomonori Shirakawa , Rong-Yang Sun , Seiji Yunoki

The stability of a discrete time crystal against thermal fluctuations has been studied numerically by solving a stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation of a periodically-driven classical system composed of interacting spins, each of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-03-24 Mingxi Yue , Xiaoqin Yang , Zi Cai

Motivated by experimental observations of time-symmetry breaking behavior in a periodically driven (Floquet) system, we study a one-dimensional spin model to explore the stability of such Floquet discrete time crystals (DTCs) under the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-09-25 Tian-Sheng Zeng , D. N. Sheng

We propose and characterize protocols to realize eternal discrete time crystals (DTCs) in the periodically driven central spin model. These eternal DTCs exhibit perfect periodic revivals of the initial state at a time $mnT$ (where $n>1$ and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-31 Hillol Biswas , Sayan Choudhury

A discrete time crystal (DTC) is the paradigmatic example of a phase of matter that occurs exclusively in systems out of equilibrium. This phenomenon is characterized by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of discrete time-translation and…

We show that locally-interacting, periodically-driven (Floquet) Hamiltonian dynamics coupled to a Langevin bath support finite-temperature discrete time crystals (DTC) with an infinite auto-correlation time. By contrast to both prethermal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-04 Francisco Machado , Quntao Zhuang , Norman Y. Yao , Michael P. Zaletel

Discrete-Time Crystals (DTC) are a non-equilibrium phase of matter characterized by the breaking of time-translation symmetry in periodically driven quantum systems. In this work, we present a detailed thermodynamic analysis of a DTC in a…

Discrete time crystals (DTC) have been demonstrated experimentally in several different quantum systems in the past few years. Spin couplings and cavity losses have been shown to play crucial roles for realizing DTC order in open many-body…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-03 Zhengda Hu , Xingyu Gao , Tongcang Li

A discrete time crystal (DTC) repeats itself with a rigid rhythm, mimicking a ticking clock set by the interplay between its internal structures and an external force. DTCs promise profound applications in precision time-keeping and other…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-07-22 Changyuan Lyu , Sayan Choudhury , Chenwei Lv , Yangqian Yan , Qi Zhou

Periodically driven (Floquet) systems are described by time dependent Hamiltonians that possess discrete time translation symmetry. The spontaneous breaking of this symmetry leads to the emergence of a novel non-equilibrium phase of matter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-15 Sayan Choudhury

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are non-equilibrium phases of matter that break the discrete time-translation symmetry and is characterized by a robust subharmonic response in periodically driven quantum systems. Here, we explore the DTC in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-08 Ling-Zhi Tang , Xiao Li , Z. D. Wang , Dan-Wei Zhang

Discrete time crystals (DTC) exhibit a special non-equilibrium phase of matter in periodically driven many-body systems with spontaneous breaking of time translational symmetry. The presence of decoherence generally enhances thermalization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-31 Rozhin Yousefjani , Angelo Carollo , Krzysztof Sacha , Saif Al-Kuwari , Abolfazl Bayat

Prethermal discrete time crystals (PDTCs), an emergent non-equilibrium phase of matter, have been studied in two- and higher-dimensional lattices with nearest-neighbor (NN) interactions and one-dimensional (1D) lattices with long-range…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Zhuo-Yi Li , Yu-Ran Zhang

Periodically driven quantum systems host a range of non-equilibrium phenomena which are unrealizable at equilibrium. Discrete time-translational symmetry in a periodically driven many-body system can be spontaneously broken to form a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-06-11 James O'Sullivan , Oliver Lunt , Christoph W. Zollitsch , M. L. W. Thewalt , John J. L. Morton , Arijeet Pal

Many-body quantum systems, under suitable conditions, exhibit time-translation symmetry breaking and settle in a discrete time crystalline (DTC) phase -- an out-of-equilibrium quantum phase of matter. The defining feature of DTC is a robust…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 Gourab Das , Saptarshi Saha , Rangeet Bhattacharyya

We propose a novel protocol to realize discrete time-crystal (DTC) order in clean, periodically driven spin-$1/2$ chains. In each drive cycle, a global spin flip is followed by a two-tone flat-band segment. This flat-band segment engineers…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-17 Mahbub Rahaman , Analabha Roy

We consider a dissipative quantum Ising model periodically driven by a train of $\pi$-pulses and investigate dissipative discrete time crystals (DTCs) in solids. In this model, the interaction between the spins spontaneously breaks the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-06-01 Koki Chinzei , Tatsuhiko N. Ikeda

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a fundamental concept in many areas of physics, ranging from cosmology and particle physics to condensed matter. A prime example is the breaking of spatial translation symmetry, which underlies the formation…

Discrete Floquet time crystals (DFTC) are characterized by the spontaneous breaking of the discrete time-translational invariance characteristic of Floquet driven systems. In analogy with equilibrium critical points, also time-crystalline…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-11-17 Guido Giachetti , Andrea Solfanelli , Lorenzo Correale , Nicolò Defenu
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