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This paper develops a probabilistic numerical method for solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) and studies application of that method to PDE-constrained inverse problems. This approach enables the solution of challenging inverse…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-12 Jon Cockayne , Chris Oates , Tim Sullivan , Mark Girolami

Recent works on optical flow estimation use neural networks to predict the flow field that maps positions of one image to positions of the other. These networks consist of a feature extractor, a correlation volume, and finally several…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Leyla Mirvakhabova , Hong Cai , Jisoo Jeong , Hanno Ackermann , Farhad Zanjani , Fatih Porikli

We explore in detail a method to solve ordinary differential equations using feedforward neural networks. We prove a specific loss function, which does not require knowledge of the exact solution, to be a suitable standard metric to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-06-02 Liam L. H. Lau , Denis Werth

An efficient approximate version of implicit Taylor methods for initial-value problems of systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is introduced. The approach, based on an approximate formulation of Taylor methods, produces a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-05 Antonio Baeza , Raimund Bürger , María del Carmen Martí , Pep Mulet , David Zorío

Partial Differential Equations (PDE) are fundamental to model different phenomena in science and engineering mathematically. Solving them is a crucial step towards a precise knowledge of the behaviour of natural and engineered systems. In…

We present a hybrid a-priori/a-posteriori goal oriented error estimator for a combination of dynamic iteration-based solution of ordinary differential equations discretized by finite elements. Our novel error estimator combines estimates…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Erik Weyl , Andreas Bartel , Manuel Schaller

Numerical simulation of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) can be challenging when the system exhibits high accelerations and rapidly changing dynamics. Under these conditions the ODE solver often needs to take very small time steps in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Andrew Tagg , Andrew Frandsen , Andrew Ning

A method for approximating sixth-order ordinary differential equations is proposed, which utilizes a deep learning feedforward artificial neural network, referred to as a neural solver. The efficacy of this unsupervised machine learning…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Janavi Bhalala , B. Veena S. N. Rao

We propose a unified framework for delay differential equations (DDEs) based on deep neural networks (DNNs) - the neural delay differential equations (NDDEs), aimed at solving the forward and inverse problems of delay differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Housen Wang , Yuxing Chen , Sirong Cao , Xiaoli Wang , Qiang Liu

Neural networks have shown significant potential in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). While deep networks are capable of approximating complex functions, direct one-shot training often faces limitations in both accuracy and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Mingxing Weng , Zhiping Mao , Jie Shen

Over the last few decades, existing Partial Differential Equation (PDE) solvers have demonstrated a tremendous success in solving complex, non-linear PDEs. Although accurate, these PDE solvers are computationally costly. With the advances…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-05-19 Rishikesh Ranade , Chris Hill , Jay Pathak

Discrete gradient methods are geometric integration techniques that can preserve the dissipative structure of gradient flows. Due to the monotonic decay of the function values, they are well suited for general convex and nonconvex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-17 Matthias J. Ehrhardt , Erlend S. Riis , Torbjørn Ringholm , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Physics-informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have been shown as a promising approach for solving both forward and inverse problems of partial differential equations (PDEs). Meanwhile, the neural operator approach, including methods such as Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Bin Lin , Zhiping Mao , Zhicheng Wang , George Em Karniadakis

Residual neural networks can be viewed as the forward Euler discretization of an Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) with a unit time step. This has recently motivated researchers to explore other discretization approaches and train ODE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Amir Gholami , Kurt Keutzer , George Biros

Traditional data-driven deep learning models often struggle with high training costs, error accumulation, and poor generalizability in complex physical processes. Physics-informed deep learning (PiDL) addresses these challenges by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xin-Yang Liu , Min Zhu , Lu Lu , Hao Sun , Jian-Xun Wang

Reduced-order models have long been used to understand the behavior of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). Naturally, reduced-order modeling techniques come at the price of computational accuracy for a decrease in computation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-26 Jovan Žigić

Residual-based adaptive strategies are widely used in scientific machine learning but remain largely heuristic. We introduce a unifying variational framework that formalizes these methods by integrating convex transformations of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Juan Diego Toscano , Daniel T. Chen , Vivek Oommen , Jérôme Darbon , George Em Karniadakis

We present a novel approach that redefines the traditional interpretation of explicit and implicit discretization methods for solving a general class of advection-diffusion equations (ADEs) featuring nonlinear advection, diffusion…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Amin Jafarimoghaddam , Manuel Soler , Irene Ortiz

We introduce a method that combines neural operators, physics-informed machine learning, and standard numerical methods for solving PDEs. The proposed approach extends each of the aforementioned methods and unifies them within a single…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Shahed Rezaei , Reza Najian Asl , Kianoosh Taghikhani , Ahmad Moeineddin , Michael Kaliske , Markus Apel

Ordinary differential equation (ODE) models of gradient-based optimization methods can provide insights into the dynamics of learning and inspire the design of new algorithms. Unfortunately, this thought-provoking perspective is weakened by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-14 Antonio Orvieto , Aurelien Lucchi