English
Related papers

Related papers: Thermal suppression of bubble nucleation at first-…

200 papers

We have performed the first 3-dimensional simulations of strong first-order thermal phase transitions in the early Universe. For deflagrations, we find that the rotational component of the fluid velocity increases as the transition strength…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-07-21 Daniel Cutting , Mark Hindmarsh , David J. Weir

We investigate rarely explored details of supercooled cosmological first-order phase transitions at the electroweak scale, which may lead to strong gravitational wave signals or explain the cosmic baryon asymmetry. The nucleation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-26 Peter Athron , Csaba Balázs , Lachlan Morris

In the context of the open inflationary universe, we calculate the amplitude of quantum fluctuations which deform the bubble shape. These give rise to scalar field fluctuations in the open Friedman-Robertson-Walker universe which is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Jaume Garriga

We study the envelope approximation and its applicability to first-order phase transitions in the early universe. We demonstrate that the power laws seen in previous studies exist independently of the nucleation rate. We also compare the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-16 David J. Weir

The nucleation and evolution of bubbles are investigated in the model of an $O(3)$-symmetric scalar field coupled to gravity in the high temperature limit. It is shown that, in addition to the well-known bubble of which the inside region is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Yoonbai Kim , Kei-ichi Maeda , Nobuyuki Sakai

A model for the acoustic production of gravitational waves at a first order phase transition is presented. The source of gravitational radiation is the sound waves generated by the explosive growth of bubbles of the stable phase. The model…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-21 Mark Hindmarsh

This paper investigates the importance of radiative corrections for first-order phase transitions, with particular focus on the bubble-nucleation rate. All calculations are done with a strict power-counting, and observables are consistently…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-12-07 Andreas Ekstedt

Our early Universe is not perfectly homogeneous and it may contain some inhomogeneous sources, which might distort the local spacetime and modify the bubble nucleation rate. Taking the primordial black hole as an extreme example, we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-17 Yijie Chang , Shihang Tang , Haowen Deng , Yefeng Wang , Ran Ding , Fa Peng Huang

It is believed that first-order phase transitions at or around the GUT scale will produce high-frequency gravitational radiation. This radiation is a consequence of the collisions and coalescence of multiple bubbles during the transition.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-04 Hillary L. Child , John T. Giblin

We study the formation of vortices in a U(1) gauge theory following a first-order transition proceeding by bubble nucleation, in particular the effect of a low velocity of expansion of the bubble walls. To do this, we use a two-dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-11-01 Julian Borrill , T. W. B. Kibble , Tanmay Vachaspati , Alexander Vilenkin

In a vacuum first-order phase transition, gravitational waves are generated from collision of bubbles of the true vacuum. The spectrum from such collisions takes the form of a broken power law. We consider a toy model for such a phase…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Daniel Cutting , Elba Granados Escartin , Mark Hindmarsh , David J. Weir

Radiation transport plays important roles in stellar atmospheres, but the effects of turbulence are being obscured by other effects such as stratification. Using radiative hydrodynamic simulations of forced turbulence, we determine the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-09-29 Axel Brandenburg , Upasana Das

We compute the dynamical prefactor in the nucleation rate of bubbles or droplets in first order phase transitions for the case where both viscous damping and thermal dissipation are significant. This result, which generalizes previous work…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-22 Raju Venugopalan , Axel Vischer

The vacuum decay in the early Universe should be gauge-invariant. In this work, we study the gauge dependence of the vacuum decay occurring through a first-order phase transition and the associated gravitational wave production. We…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-12 Jie Liu , Renhui Qin , Ligong Bian

In this work we study the imprints of bubble nucleation on primordial inflationary perturbations. We assume that the bubble is formed via the tunneling of a spectator field from the false vacuum of its potential to its true vacuum. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-12-27 Hassan Firouzjahi , Sadra Jazayeri , Asieh Karami , Tahereh Rostami

This study seeks to understand the origins of intermittency in quantities of interest in pool boiling, such as bubble departure diameter and departure time. The intermittency of nucleation site activity due to nonuniform and unsteady…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-01-05 V. Jukanti , V. Srinivasan

We derive a general quantum field theoretic formula for the force acting on expanding bubbles of a first order phase transition in the early Universe setting. In the thermodynamic limit the force is proportional to the entropy increase…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-01-28 Marc Barroso Mancha , Tomislav Prokopec , Bogumila Swiezewska

We calculate the gravitational wave power spectrum from sound waves in a cosmological first order phase transition in the unexplored regime of large bubbles, by which we mean that the mean bubble spacing $R_*$ is a non-negligible fraction…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-01 Lorenzo Giombi , Jani Dahl , Mark Hindmarsh

Cosmological phase transitions proceed via the nucleation of bubbles that subsequently expand and collide. The resulting gravitational wave spectrum depends crucially on the bubble wall velocity. Microscopic calculations of this velocity…

We investigate vacuum decays in the early Universe in the presence of curvature perturbations. For sufficiently large perturbations associated with over-densities, we find that the bounce solution develops an oscillating middle stage near…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-03 Zi-Yan Yuwen , Rong-Gen Cai , Shao-Jiang Wang