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Graphs serve as fundamental descriptors for systems composed of interacting elements, capturing a wide array of data types, from molecular interactions to social networks and knowledge graphs. In this paper, we present an exhaustive review…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Chenqing Hua

Deep convolutional neural network (CNN) training via iterative optimization has had incredible success in finding optimal parameters. However, modern CNN architectures often contain millions of parameters. Thus, any given model for a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Stone Yun , Alexander Wong

Molecular property prediction is one of the fastest-growing applications of deep learning with critical real-world impacts. Including 3D molecular structure as input to learned models improves their performance for many molecular tasks.…

Graph neural networks (GNNs), which are capable of learning representations from graphical data, are naturally suitable for modeling molecular systems. This review introduces GNNs and their various applications for small organic molecules.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yuyang Wang , Zijie Li , Amir Barati Farimani

This study presents a deep learning approach to predicting structural and electronic properties of materials using Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Leveraging data from the Materials Project database, we construct graph representations of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-12-20 Selva Chandrasekaran Selvaraj

Understanding peptide properties is often assumed to require modeling long-range molecular interactions, motivating the use of complex graph neural networks and pretrained transformers. Yet, whether such long-range dependencies are…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-11 Jakub Adamczyk , Piotr Ludynia , Wojciech Czech

In this work, we benchmark a variety of single- and multi-task graph neural network (GNN) models against lower-bar and higher-bar traditional machine learning approaches employing human engineered molecular features. We consider four GNN…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-02-28 Fabio Broccatelli , Richard Trager , Michael Reutlinger , George Karypis , Mufei Li

The quest for efficient and robust deep learning models for molecular systems representation is increasingly critical in scientific exploration. The advent of message passing neural networks has marked a transformative era in graph-based…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-05 Jian Chang , Shuze Zhu

Molecules are commonly represented as SMILES strings, which can be readily converted to fixed-size molecular fingerprints. These fingerprints serve as feature vectors to train ML/DL models for molecular property prediction tasks in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Rajan , Ishaan Gupta

Recently, a novel two-phase framework named mol-infer for inference of chemical compounds with prescribed abstract structures and desired property values has been proposed. The framework mol-infer is primarily based on using mixed integer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jianshen Zhu , Naveed Ahmed Azam , Kazuya Haraguchi , Liang Zhao , Tatsuya Akutsu

Diffusion generative models have emerged as a powerful framework for addressing problems in structural biology and structure-based drug design. These models operate directly on 3D molecular structures. Due to the unfavorable scaling of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-10 Ian Dunn , David Ryan Koes

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a class of deep models that operate on data with arbitrary topology represented as graphs. We introduce an efficient memory layer for GNNs that can jointly learn node representations and coarsen the graph.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Amir Hosein Khasahmadi , Kaveh Hassani , Parsa Moradi , Leo Lee , Quaid Morris

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful tools for learning protein structures by capturing spatial relationships at the residue level. However, existing GNN-based methods often face challenges in learning multiscale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shih-Hsin Wang , Yuhao Huang , Taos Transue , Justin Baker , Jonathan Forstater , Thomas Strohmer , Bao Wang

The prediction of physicochemical properties from molecular structures is a crucial task for artificial intelligence aided molecular design. A growing number of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been proposed to address this challenge.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Shuo Zhang , Yang Liu , Lei Xie

Fingerprint recognition has been utilized for cellphone authentication, airport security and beyond. Many different features and algorithms have been proposed to improve fingerprint recognition. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Shervin Minaee , Elham Azimi , Amirali Abdolrashidi

Molecular property prediction is a critical task in computational drug discovery. While recent advances in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and Transformers have shown to be effective and promising, they face the following limitations:…

In the field of chemistry, the objective is to create novel molecules with desired properties, facilitating accurate property predictions for applications such as material design and drug screening. However, existing graph deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Sakhinana Sagar Srinivas , Venkataramana Runkana

Molecular graph neural networks (GNNs) often focus exclusively on XYZ-based geometric representations and thus overlook valuable chemical context available in public databases like PubChem. This work introduces a multimodal framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Can Polat , Hasan Kurban , Erchin Serpedin , Mustafa Kurban

Graph generation poses a significant challenge as it involves predicting a complete graph with multiple nodes and edges based on simply a given label. This task also carries fundamental importance to numerous real-world applications,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Xiandong Zou , Xiangyu Zhao , Pietro Liò , Yiren Zhao

Molecular Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are increasingly common in drug discovery, particularly for Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies; yet, their superiority compared to classical molecular featurisation approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Sam Money-Kyrle , Markus Dablander , Thierry Hanser , Stephane Werner , Charlotte M. Deane , Garrett M. Morris