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The sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication network is expected to integrate the terrestrial, aerial, and maritime communications into a robust network which would be more reliable, fast, and can support a massive number of devices…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-19 Muhammad Waseem Akhtar , Syed Ali Hassan , Rizwan Ghaffar , Haejoon Jung , Sahil Garg , M. Shamim Hossain

The upcoming sixth generation (6G) communications systems are expected to support an unprecedented variety of applications, pervading every aspect of human life. It is clearly not possible to fulfill the service requirements without…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-09 Ahmet Yazar , Seda Doğan-Tusha , Hüseyin Arslan

The primary focus of Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) integration within the wireless technology is to reduce capital expenditures, optimize network performance, and build new revenue streams. Replacing traditional…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Anita Patil , Sridhar Iyer , Rahul Jashvantbhai Pandya

Technology forecasts anticipate a new era in which massive numbers of humans, machines, and things are connected to wireless networks to sense, process, act, and communicate with the surrounding environment in a real-time manner. To make…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Howon Lee , Byungju Lee , Heecheol Yang , Junghyun Kim , Seungnyun Kim , Wonjae Shin , Byonghyo Shim , H. Vincent Poor

Although the complete scope of the sixth generation of mobile technologies (6G) is still unclear, the prominence of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) in the networking field is undeniable.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-11 David Carrascal , Elisa Rojas , Diego Lopez-Pajares

The fifth generation (5G) mobile networks are envisaged to enable a plethora of breakthrough advancements in wireless technologies, providing support of a diverse set of services over a single platform. While the deployment of 5G systems is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-10 Lina Bariah , Lina Mohjazi , Sami Muhaidat , Paschalis C. Sofotasios , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Octavia A. Dobre

Deep learning (DL) models based on the transformer architecture have revolutionized many DL applications such as large language models (LLMs), vision transformers, audio generation, and time series prediction. Much of this progress has been…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Quentin Anthony , Benjamin Michalowicz , Jacob Hatef , Lang Xu , Mustafa Abduljabbar , Aamir Shafi , Hari Subramoni , Dhabaleswar Panda

Digital twin, which enables emulation, evaluation, and optimization of physical entities through synchronized digital replicas, has gained increasing attention as a promising technology for intricate wireless networks. For 6G, numerous…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Zhenyu Tao , Wei Xu , Yongming Huang , Xiaoyun Wang , Xiaohu You

To fulfill the requirements of various emerging applications, the future sixth generation (6G) mobile network is expected to be an innately intelligent, highly dynamic, ultradense heterogeneous network that interconnects all things with…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Shangwei Zhang , Jiajia Liu , Hongzhi Guo , Mingping Qi , Nei Kato

The rapid advancement toward sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks has significantly intensified the complexity and scale of optimization problems, including resource allocation and trajectory design, often formulated as combinatorial…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Bisheng Wei , Ruihong Jiang , Ruichen Zhang , Yinqiu Liu , Dusit Niyato , Yaohua Sun , Yang Lu , Yonghui Li , Shiwen Mao , Chau Yuen , Marco Di Renzo , Mugen Peng

With the deployment of 5G networks, standards organizations have started working on the design phase for sixth-generation (6G) networks. 6G networks will be immensely complex, requiring more deployment time, cost and management efforts. On…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-05 Muhammad K. Shehzad , Luca Rose , M. Majid Butt , Istvan Z. Kovacs , Mohamad Assaad , Mohsen Guizani

The thriving of artificial intelligence (AI) applications is driving the further evolution of wireless networks. It has been envisioned that 6G will be transformative and will revolutionize the evolution of wireless from "connected things"…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Khaled B. Letaief , Yuanming Shi , Jianmin Lu , Jianhua Lu

In the future 6th generation networks, ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) will lay the foundation for emerging mission-critical applications that have stringent requirements on end-to-end delay and reliability. Existing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-26 Changyang She , Rui Dong , Zhouyou Gu , Zhanwei Hou , Yonghui Li , Wibowo Hardjawana , Chenyang Yang , Lingyang Song , Branka Vucetic

Large language models (LLMs) and large multimodal models (LMMs) have achieved unprecedented breakthrough, showcasing remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding, generation, and complex reasoning. This transformative potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Hyun Jong Yang , Hyunsoo Kim , Hyeonho Noh , Seungnyun Kim , Byonghyo Shim

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized language understanding and human-like text generation, drawing interest from many other fields with this question in mind: What else are the LLMs capable of? Despite their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Nurullah Sevim , Mostafa Ibrahim , Sabit Ekin

The full future of the sixth generation will develop a fully data-driven that provide terabit rate per second, and adopt an average of 1000+ massive number of connections per person in 10 years 2030 virtually instantaneously. Data-driven…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-24 Adeeb Salh , Lukman Audah , Qazwan Abdullah , Abdullah Noorsaliza , Nor Shahida Mohd Shah , Jameel Mukred , Shipun Hamzah

Several speculative visions are conjecturing on what 6G services will be able to offer at the horizon of 2030. Nevertheless, the 6G design process is at its preliminary stages. The reality today is that hardware, technologies and new…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Emilio Calvanese Strinati , Didier Belot , Alexis Falempin , Jean-Baptiste Doré

The 5G system has finally begun commercialization, and now is the time to start discussing the road map for the 6G system. While the 5G system was designed with a focus on discovering new service types for high speed, low-latency, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Hyunsoo Kim , Taehyung Kim , Hyejin Kim , Insik Jung , Hakkeon Lee , Hyunmin Seo , Daesik Hong

Innovation in the physical layer of communication systems has traditionally been achieved by breaking down the transceivers into sets of processing blocks, each optimized independently based on mathematical models. Conversely, deep learning…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Mathieu Goutay

This paper envisions 6G as a self-evolving telecom ecosystem, where AI-driven intelligence enables dynamic adaptation beyond static connectivity. We explore the key enablers of autonomous communication systems, spanning reconfigurable…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-30 Zeinab Nezami , Syed Danial Ali Shah , Maryam Hafeez , Karim Djemame , Syed Ali Raza Zaidi