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Neural network based models are a very powerful tool for creating word embeddings, the objective of these models is to group similar words together. These embeddings have been used as features to improve results in various applications such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-27 Salman Mahmood , Rami Al-Rfou , Klaus Mueller

Assessing the degree of semantic relatedness between words is an important task with a variety of semantic applications, such as ontology learning for the Semantic Web, semantic search or query expansion. To accomplish this in an automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Thomas Niebler , Martin Becker , Christian Pölitz , Andreas Hotho

Natural Language Processing (NLP), a cornerstone field within artificial intelligence, has been increasingly utilized in the field of materials science literature. Our study conducts a reproducibility analysis of two pioneering works within…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 Xiangyun Lei , Edward Kim , Viktoriia Baibakova , Shijing Sun

Recent advances in deep learning have facilitated the demand of neural models for real applications. In practice, these applications often need to be deployed with limited resources while keeping high accuracy. This paper touches the core…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Bonggun Shin , Hao Yang , Jinho D. Choi

Hate speech detection is a challenging natural language processing task that requires capturing linguistic and contextual nuances. Pre-trained language models (PLMs) offer rich semantic representations of text that can improve this task.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Mohammad Aflah Khan , Neemesh Yadav , Mohit Jain , Sanyam Goyal

Text embedding has become a foundational technology in natural language processing (NLP) during the deep learning era, driving advancements across a wide array of downstream tasks. While many natural language understanding challenges can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Zhijie Nie , Zhangchi Feng , Mingxin Li , Cunwang Zhang , Yanzhao Zhang , Dingkun Long , Richong Zhang

Meta-embedding (ME) learning is an emerging approach that attempts to learn more accurate word embeddings given existing (source) word embeddings as the sole input. Due to their ability to incorporate semantics from multiple source…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Danushka Bollegala , James O'Neill

We consider the problem of finding plausible knowledge that is missing from a given ontology, as a generalisation of the well-studied taxonomy expansion task. One line of work treats this task as a Natural Language Inference (NLI) problem,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Na Li , Thomas Bailleux , Zied Bouraoui , Steven Schockaert

This work traces the evolution of word-embedding techniques within the natural language processing (NLP) literature. We collect and analyze 149 research articles spanning the period from 1954 to 2025, providing both a comprehensive…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Minh Anh Nguyen , Kuheli Sai , Minh Nguyen

Vector representations of sentences, trained on massive text corpora, are widely used as generic sentence embeddings across a variety of NLP problems. The learned representations are generally assumed to be continuous and real-valued,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Dinghan Shen , Pengyu Cheng , Dhanasekar Sundararaman , Xinyuan Zhang , Qian Yang , Meng Tang , Asli Celikyilmaz , Lawrence Carin

Word embeddings have gained significant attention as learnable representations of semantic relations between words, and have been shown to improve upon the results of traditional word representations. However, little effort has been devoted…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Gloria Feher , Andreas Spitz , Michael Gertz

As an ubiquitous method in natural language processing, word embeddings are extensively employed to map semantic properties of words into a dense vector representation. They capture semantic and syntactic relations among words but the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Lutfi Kerem Senel , Ihsan Utlu , Furkan Şahinuç , Haldun M. Ozaktas , Aykut Koç

Embeddings are generic representations that are useful for many NLP tasks. In this paper, we introduce DENSIFIER, a method that learns an orthogonal transformation of the embedding space that focuses the information relevant for a task in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Sascha Rothe , Sebastian Ebert , Hinrich Schütze

Recent advancements in language models and pre-trained language models like BERT and RoBERTa have revolutionized natural language processing, enabling a deeper understanding of human-like language. In this paper, we explore enhancing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Ngoc Luyen Le , Marie-Hélène Abel

As distributed approaches to natural language semantics have developed and diversified, embedders for linguistic units larger than words have come to play an increasingly important role. To date, such embedders have been evaluated using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Lucy H. Lin , Noah A. Smith

Owing to the rapidly growing multimedia content available on the Internet, extractive spoken document summarization, with the purpose of automatically selecting a set of representative sentences from a spoken document to concisely express…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-06-16 Kuan-Yu Chen , Shih-Hung Liu , Hsin-Min Wang , Berlin Chen , Hsin-Hsi Chen

The probing classifiers framework has been employed for interpreting deep neural network models for a variety of natural language processing (NLP) applications. Studies, however, have largely focused on sentencelevel NLP tasks. This work is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Barry Wang , Xinya Du , Claire Cardie

Despite widespread use in natural language processing (NLP) tasks, word embeddings have been criticized for inheriting unintended gender bias from training corpora. programmer is more closely associated with man and homemaker is more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Haswanth Aekula , Sugam Garg , Animesh Gupta

Distributed representations of words, better known as word embeddings, have become important building blocks for natural language processing tasks. Numerous studies are devoted to transferring the success of unsupervised word embeddings to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Tianlin Liu , João Sedoc , Lyle Ungar

Sentence embeddings are central to modern NLP and AI systems, yet little is known about their internal structure. While we can compare these embeddings using measures such as cosine similarity, the contributing features are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Matthieu Tehenan , Vikram Natarajan , Jonathan Michala , Milton Lin , Juri Opitz