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We study model-free reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms in episodic non-stationary constrained Markov Decision Processes (CMDPs), in which an agent aims to maximize the expected cumulative reward subject to a cumulative constraint on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Honghao Wei , Arnob Ghosh , Ness Shroff , Lei Ying , Xingyu Zhou

Complementation of finite automata is a basic operation used in numerous applications. The standard way to complement a nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA) is to transform it into an equivalent deterministic finite automaton (DFA) and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Lukáš Holík , Ondřej Lengál , Juraj Major , Adéla Štěpková , Jan Strejček

To address the needs of modeling uncertainty in sensitive machine learning applications, the setup of distributionally robust optimization (DRO) seeks good performance uniformly across a variety of tasks. The recent multi-distribution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-01 Rafael Hanashiro , Patrick Jaillet

Reinforcement Learning (RL) serves as a versatile framework for sequential decision-making, finding applications across diverse domains such as robotics, autonomous driving, recommendation systems, supply chain optimization, biology,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Vaneet Aggarwal , Washim Uddin Mondal , Qinbo Bai

Specifying tasks for robotic systems traditionally requires coding expertise, deep domain knowledge, and significant time investment. While learning from demonstration offers a promising alternative, existing methods often struggle with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Mattijs Baert , Sam Leroux , Pieter Simoens

Multi-priced timed automata (MPTA) are timed automata with observer variables whose derivatives can change from one location to another. Observers are write-only variables, that is, they do not affect the control flow of the automaton; thus…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Andrew Scoones , Mahsa Shirmohammadi , James Worrell

Online reinforcement learning in infinite-horizon Markov decision processes (MDPs) remains less theoretically and algorithmically developed than its episodic counterpart, with many algorithms suffering from high ``burn-in'' costs and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Guy Zamir , Matthew Zurek , Yudong Chen

We present an algorithm that, given a representation of a road network in lane-level detail, computes a route that minimizes the expected cost to reach a given destination. In doing so, our algorithm allows us to solve for the complex…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Mitchell Jones , Maximilian Haas-Heger , Jur van den Berg

We consider a non-stationary formulation of the stochastic multi-armed bandit where the rewards are no longer assumed to be identically distributed. For the best-arm identification task, we introduce a version of Successive Elimination…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-09-09 Robin Allesiardo , Raphaël Féraud , Odalric-Ambrym Maillard

Restless multi-armed bandits (RMAB) have been widely used to model sequential decision making problems with constraints. The decision maker (DM) aims to maximize the expected total reward over an infinite horizon under an "instantaneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Shufan Wang , Guojun Xiong , Jian Li

The RPNI algorithm (Oncina, Garcia 1992) constructs deterministic finite automata from finite sets of negative and positive example words. We propose and analyze an extension of this algorithm to deterministic $\omega$-automata with…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-10 León Bohn , Christof Löding

Robot design optimization, imitation learning and system identification share a common problem which requires optimization over robot or task parameters at the same time as optimizing the robot motion. To solve these problems, we can use…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Traiko Dinev , Carlos Mastalli , Vladimir Ivan , Steve Tonneau , Sethu Vijayakumar

Robust reinforcement learning (RL) under the average-reward criterion is essential for long-term decision-making, particularly when the environment may differ from its specification. However, a significant gap exists in understanding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Zachary Roch , Chi Zhang , George Atia , Yue Wang

Here, we explore the problem of error propagation mitigation in modular digital twins as a sequential decision process. Building on a companion study that used a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to infer latent error regimes from surrogate-physics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Annice Najafi , Shokoufeh Mirzaei

In recent years, masked diffusion models (MDMs) have emerged as a promising alternative approach for generative modeling over discrete domains. Compared to autoregressive models (ARMs), MDMs trade off complexity at training time with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Jaeyeon Kim , Kulin Shah , Vasilis Kontonis , Sham Kakade , Sitan Chen

Quantitative languages are an extension of boolean languages that assign to each word a real number. Mean-payoff automata are finite automata with numerical weights on transitions that assign to each infinite path the long-run average of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Laurent Doyen , Herbert Edelsbrunner , Thomas A. Henzinger , Philippe Rannou

In the optimization of dynamical systems, the variables typically have constraints. Such problems can be modeled as a constrained Markov Decision Process (CMDP). This paper considers a model-free approach to the problem, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Qinbo Bai , Vaneet Aggarwal , Ather Gattami

The determinization of a nondeterministic B\"uchi automaton (NBA) is a fundamental construction of automata theory, with applications to probabilistic verification and reactive synthesis. The standard determinization constructions, such as…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Yong Li , Andrea Turrini , Weizhi Feng , Moshe Y. Vardi , Lijun Zhang

In this report we study the problem of minimising deterministic automata over finite and infinite words. Deterministic finite automata are the simplest devices to recognise regular languages, and deterministic Buchi, Co-Buchi, and parity…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-03-15 Sven Schewe

Markov decision processes (MDPs) are used to model a wide variety of applications ranging from game playing over robotics to finance. Their optimal policy typically maximizes the expected sum of rewards given at each step of the decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Maximilian Nägele , Jan Olle , Thomas Fösel , Remmy Zen , Florian Marquardt