Related papers: Incompatibility of effects in general probabilisti…

An universal approximation technique for analysis of different characteristics of states of composite infinite-dimensional quantum systems is proposed and used to prove general results concerning the properties of correlation and…

In the standard quantum theory, one can measure precisely only a subset of the incompatible observables. It results in lack of a formal joint probability defining objective realism even if we accept nonlocal or certain faster-than-light…

In this paper, we show that the small phase condition is both sufficient and necessary to ensure the feedback stability when the interconnected systems are symmetric. Such symmetric systems arise in diverse applications. The key lies in…

Bayesian analyses require that all variable model parameters are given a prior probability distribution. This can pose a challenge for analyses where multiple experiments are combined if these experiments use different parametrisations for…

We investigate the problem of jointly testing a pair of composite hypotheses and, depending on the test result, estimating a random parameter under distributional uncertainties. Specifically, it is assumed that the distribution of the data…

Contextuality is usually defined as absence of a joint distribution for a set of measurements (random variables) with known joint distributions of some of its subsets. However, if these subsets of measurements are not disjoint,…

Quantum theory is indeterministic, but not completely so. When a system is in a pure state there are properties it possesses with certainty, known as actual properties. The actual properties of a quantum system (in a pure state) fully…

Weak limits as the density tends to infinity of classical ground states of integrable pair potentials are shown to minimize the mean-field energy functional. By studying the latter we derive global properties of high-density ground state…

A fundamental problem with nonlinear models is that maximum likelihood estimates are not guaranteed to exist. Though nonexistence is a well known problem in the binary response model literature, it presents significant challenges for other…

This paper develops a novel approach to necessary optimality conditions for constrained variational problems defined in generally incomplete subspaces of absolutely continuous functions. Our approach involves reducing a variational problem…

While any two-dimensional mixed state of polarization of light can be represented by a combination of a pure state and a fully random state, any Mueller matrix can be represented by a convex combination of a pure component and three…

Entropic uncertainty relations, based on sums of entropies of probability distributions arising from different measurements on a given pure state, can be seen as a generalization of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation that is in many cases…

Minimal sentence pairs are frequently used to analyze the behavior of language models. It is often assumed that model behavior on contrastive pairs is predictive of model behavior at large. We argue that two conditions are necessary for…

We investigate the connection between steering and contextuality in general probabilistic theories. We show that for a class of bipartite states the steerability of the state by given set of measurements is equivalent to non-existence of…

The principle of the common cause claims that if an improbable coincidence has occurred, there must exist a common cause. This is generally taken to mean that positive correlations between non-causally related events should disappear when…

We address perfect discrimination of two separable states. When available states are restricted to separable states, we can theoretically consider a larger class of measurements than the class of measurements allowed in quantum theory. The…

We present a necessary and sufficient condition for the reachable set, i.e., the set of states reachable from a ball of initial states at some time, of an ordinary differential equation to be convex. In particular, convexity is guaranteed…

We investigate generalized measurements, based on positive-operator-valued measures, and von Neumann measurements for the unambiguous discrimination of two mixed quantum states that occur with given prior probabilities. In particular, we…

An unexpected connection exists between compatibility criteria for quantum states and symmetric informationally complete POVMs. Beginning with Caves, Fuchs and Schack's "Conditions for compatibility of quantum state assignments" [Phys. Rev.…

We derive a single general Bell inequality which is a necessary and sufficient condition for the correlation function for N particles to be describable in a local and realistic picture, for the case in which measurements on each particle…