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Due to the immense potential of quantum computers and the significant computing overhead required in machine learning applications, the variational quantum classifier (VQC) has received a lot of interest recently for image classification.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-20 Ruiyang Qin , Zhiding Liang , Jinglei Cheng , Peter Kogge , Yiyu Shi

Machine learning algorithms based on parametrized quantum circuits are prime candidates for near-term applications on noisy quantum computers. In this direction, various types of quantum machine learning models have been introduced and…

We introduce a machine learning model, the q-CNN model, sharing key features with convolutional neural networks and admitting a tensor network description. As examples, we apply q-CNN to the MNIST and Fashion MNIST classification tasks. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Vassilis Anagiannis , Miranda C. N. Cheng

Quantum machine learning is an approach that aims to improve the performance of machine learning methods by leveraging the properties of quantum computers. In quantum circuit learning (QCL), a supervised learning method that can be…

Complex quantum circuits are constituted by combinations of quantum subroutines. The computation is possible as long as the quantum data encoding is consistent throughout the circuit. Despite its fundamental importance, the formalization of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Gabriele Agliardi , Enrico Prati

The training of deep neural networks (DNNs) always requires intensive resources for both computation and data storage. Thus, DNNs cannot be efficiently applied to mobile phones and embedded devices, which severely limits their applicability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Qigong Sun , Xiufang Li , Fanhua Shang , Hongying Liu , Kang Yang , Licheng Jiao , Zhouchen Lin

Quantum data loading plays a central role in quantum algorithms and quantum information processing. Many quantum algorithms hinge on the ability to prepare arbitrary superposition states as a subroutine, with claims of exponential speedups…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-25 Chun-Tse Li , Hao-Chung Cheng

As medium-scale quantum computers progress, the application of quantum algorithms across diverse fields like simulating physical systems, chemistry, optimization, and cryptography becomes more prevalent. However, these quantum computers,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-04 Purnachandra Mandadapu

Variational quantum algorithms are gaining attention as an early application of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. One of the main problems of variational methods lies in the phenomenon of Barren Plateaus, present in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-26 Paul San Sebastian , Mikel Cañizo , Román Orús

Near-term quantum machine learning must balance expressivity, optimization, and hardware constraints. We study quantum re-uploading units (QRUs) as compact circuits and compare them, at matched parameter count, to a standard mono-encoded…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Léa Cassé , Bernhard Pfahringer , Albert Bifet , Frédéric Magniette

The steady progress of quantum hardware is motivating the search for novel quantum algorithm optimization strategies for near-term, real-world applications. In this study, we propose a novel feature map optimization strategy for Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Roberto Moretti , Andrea Giachero , Voica Radescu , Michele Grossi

Quantum computers hold great promise for accelerating computationally challenging algorithms on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices in the upcoming years. Much attention of the current research is directed to algorithmic…

Efficiently encoding classical visual data into quantum states is essential for realizing practical quantum neural networks (QNNs). However, existing encoding schemes often discard spatial and semantic information when adapting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Yuhu Lu , Jinjing Shi

The scaling of the entanglement entropy at a quantum critical point allows us to extract universal properties of the state, e.g., the central charge of a conformal field theory. With the rapid improvement of noisy intermediate-scale quantum…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-08-24 Bernhard Jobst , Adam Smith , Frank Pollmann

Quantum computing promises to provide exponential speed-ups to certain classes of problems. In many such algorithms, a classical vector $\mathbf{b}$ is encoded in the amplitudes of a quantum state $\left |b \right >$. However, efficiently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-10 Prithvi Gundlapalli , Junyi Lee

Amplitude embedding (AE) is essential in quantum machine learning (QML) for encoding classical data onto quantum circuits. However, conventional AE methods suffer from deep, variable-length circuits that introduce high output error due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Jason Han , Nicholas S. DiBrita , Younghyun Cho , Hengrui Luo , Tirthak Patel

Quantum machine learning is at the crossroads of two of the most exciting current areas of research; quantum computing and classical machine learning. It explores the interaction between quantum computing and machine learning, investigating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-14 Anekait Kariya , Bikash K. Behera

Block encoding is a key ingredient in the recently developed quantum singular value transformation (QSVT) framework, which provides a unifying description for many quantum algorithms. Initially introduced to simplify and optimize resource…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Nhat A. Nghiem , Tzu-Chieh Wei

Quantum computers can be used for supervised learning by treating parametrised quantum circuits as models that map data inputs to predictions. While a lot of work has been done to investigate practical implications of this approach, many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-31 Maria Schuld , Ryan Sweke , Johannes Jakob Meyer

The last decades have seen the development of quantum machine learning, stemming from the intersection of quantum computing and machine learning. This field is particularly promising for the design of alternative quantum (or quantum…