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Scalar relative invariants play an important role in the theory of group actions on a manifold as their zero sets are invariant hypersurfaces. Relative invariants are central in many applications, where they often are treated locally since…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-04-09 Boris Kruglikov , Eivind Schneider

Symmetry is present in many tasks in computer vision, where the same class of objects can appear transformed, e.g. rotated due to different camera orientations, or scaled due to perspective. The knowledge of such symmetries in data coupled…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-25 Mateus Sangalli , Samy Blusseau , Santiago Velasco-Forero , Jesús Angulo

Universality results for equivariant neural networks remain rare. Those that do exist typically hold only in restrictive settings: either they rely on regular or higher-order tensor representations, leading to impractically high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-20 Marco Pacini , Mircea Petrache , Bruno Lepri , Shubhendu Trivedi , Robin Walters

We study permutation-invariant embeddings of $d$-dimensional point sets, which are defined by sorting $D$ independent one-dimensional projections of the input. Such embeddings arise in graph deep learning where outputs should be invariant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Nadav Dym , Matthias Wellershoff , Efstratios Tsoukanis , Daniel Levy , Radu Balan

We determine the minimal number of separating invariants for the invariant ring of a matrix group $G < \mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbb{F}_q)$ over the finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$. We show that this minimal number can be obtained with invariants of…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Gregor Kemper , Artem Lopatin , Fabian Reimers

In this work, we present a mathematical formulation for machine learning of (1) functions on symmetric matrices that are invariant with respect to the action of permutations by conjugation, and (2) functions on point clouds that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Ben Blum-Smith , Ningyuan Huang , Marco Cuturi , Soledad Villar

The paper presents a new algorithmic construction of a finite generating set of rational invariants for the rational action of an algebraic group on the affine space. The construction provides an algebraic counterpart of the moving frame…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Evelyne Hubert , Irina A. Kogan

This paper studies separating invariants of finite groups acting on affine varieties through automorphisms. Several results, proved by Serre, Dufresne, Kac-Watanabe and Gordeev, and Jeffries and Dufresne exist that relate properties of the…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2017-04-14 Fabian Reimers

We present a generalization of Lie's method for finding the group invariant solutions to a system of partial differential equations. Our generalization relaxes the standard transversality assumption and encompasses the common situation…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 I. Anderson , M. Fels , C. Torre

Invariant and equivariant networks have been successfully used for learning images, sets, point clouds, and graphs. A basic challenge in developing such networks is finding the maximal collection of invariant and equivariant linear layers.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Haggai Maron , Heli Ben-Hamu , Nadav Shamir , Yaron Lipman

Equivariant Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated significant success across various applications. To achieve completeness -- that is, the universal approximation property over the space of equivariant functions -- the network must…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Jiacheng Cen , Anyi Li , Ning Lin , Tingyang Xu , Yu Rong , Deli Zhao , Zihe Wang , Wenbing Huang

Symmetry-aware architectures are central to geometric deep learning. We present a systematic approach for constructing continuous rotationally invariant and equivariant functions using symmetric tensor networks. The proposed framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Meng Zhang , Chao Wang , Hao Zhang , Shaojun Dong , Lixin He

We study finite-rank left-translation invariant algebraic $D$-modules on complex affine algebraic groups. Using the standard description of these objects as left-invariant flat algebraic connections on the trivial vector bundle, modulo…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Rudrendra Kashyap , Ruoxi Li

We define what is a generic separating set of invariant functions (a.k.a. a weak functional basis) for tensors. We produce then two generic separating sets of polynomial invariants for 3D elasticity tensors, one made of 19 polynomials and…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Rodrigue Desmorat , Nicolas Auffray , Boris Desmorat , Boris Kolev , Marc Olive

Modeling group actions on latent representations enables controllable transformations of high-dimensional image data. Prior works applying group-theoretic priors or modeling transformations typically operate in the high-dimensional data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Farhana Hossain Swarnali , Miaomiao Zhang , Tonmoy Hossain

Recent advances in deep learning and Transformers have driven major breakthroughs in robotics by employing techniques such as imitation learning, reinforcement learning, and LLM-based multimodal perception and decision-making. However,…

Unsupervised approaches for learning representations invariant to common transformations are used quite often for object recognition. Learning invariances makes models more robust and practical to use in real-world scenarios. Since data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Gauri Gupta , Ritvik Kapila , Keshav Gupta , Ramesh Raskar

Establishing correspondences between 3D shapes is a fundamental task in 3D Computer Vision, typically addressed by matching local descriptors. Recently, a few attempts at applying the deep learning paradigm to the task have shown promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Riccardo Spezialetti , Samuele Salti , Luigi Di Stefano

This thesis is concerned with the theory of invariant bilinear differential pairings on parabolic geometries. It introduces the concept formally with the help of the jet bundle formalism and provides a detailed analysis. More precisely,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-04-22 Jens Kroeske

Symmetries and equivariance are fundamental to the generalization of neural networks on domains such as images, graphs, and point clouds. Existing work has primarily focused on a small number of groups, such as the translation, rotation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Marc Finzi , Max Welling , Andrew Gordon Wilson