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High-level Autonomous Driving Systems (ADSs), such as Google Waymo and Baidu Apollo, typically rely on multi-sensor fusion (MSF) based approaches to perceive their surroundings. This strategy increases perception robustness by combining the…

Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to increase traffic safety and traffic efficiency, among others by enabling flexible mobility-on-demand systems. This is particularly important in Singapore, being one of the world's most densely…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-20 J. Ploeg , E. de Gelder , M. Slavík , E. Querner , T. Webster , N. de Boer

The car-to-driver handover is a critically important component of safe autonomous vehicle operation when the vehicle is unable to safely proceed on its own. Current implementations of this handover in automobiles take the form of a generic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Aaquib Tabrez , Matthew B. Luebbers , Bradley Hayes

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) must share space with pedestrians, both in carriageway cases such as cars at pedestrian crossings and off-carriageway cases such as delivery vehicles navigating through crowds on pedestrianized high-streets. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Fanta Camara , Nicola Bellotto , Serhan Cosar , Dimitris Nathanael , Matthias Althoff , Jingyuan Wu , Johannes Ruenz , André Dietrich , Charles W. Fox

Autonomous vehicles rely heavily upon their perception subsystems to see the environment in which they operate. Unfortunately, the effect of variable weather conditions presents a significant challenge to object detection algorithms, and…

Recent developments in the smart mobility domain have transformed automobiles into networked transportation agents helping realize new age, large-scale intelligent transportation systems (ITS). The motivation behind such networked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Ipsita Koley , Sunandan Adhikary , Rohit Rohit , Soumyajit Dey

Drivers have a responsibility to exercise reasonable care to avoid collision with other road users. This assumed responsibility allows interacting agents to maintain safety without explicit coordination. Thus to enable safe autonomous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Ryan K. Cosner , Yuxiao Chen , Karen Leung , Marco Pavone

Motion prediction for intelligent vehicles typically focuses on estimating the most probable future evolutions of a traffic scenario. Estimating the gap acceptance, i.e., whether a vehicle merges or crosses before another vehicle with the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Max Bastian Mertens , Jona Ruof , Jan Strohbeck , Michael Buchholz

Unanswered questions about how human-AV interaction designers can support rider's informational needs hinders Autonomous Vehicles (AV) adoption. To achieve joint human-AV action goals - such as safe transportation, trust, or learning from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Robert Kaufman , David Kirsh , Nadir Weibel

Safety and performance are key enablers for autonomous driving: on the one hand we want our autonomous vehicles (AVs) to be safe, while at the same time their performance (e.g., comfort or progression) is key to adoption. To effectively…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Pasquale Antonante , Sushant Veer , Karen Leung , Xinshuo Weng , Luca Carlone , Marco Pavone

In mixed autonomous driving environments, accurately predicting the future trajectories of surrounding vehicles is crucial for the safe operation of autonomous vehicles (AVs). In driving scenarios, a vehicle's trajectory is determined by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Haicheng Liao , Chengyue Wang , Kaiqun Zhu , Yilong Ren , Bolin Gao , Shengbo Eben Li , Chengzhong Xu , Zhenning Li

Autonomous driving has attracted significant attention from both academia and industries, which is expected to offer a safer and more efficient driving system. However, current autonomous driving systems are mostly based on a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Senkang Hu , Zhengru Fang , Yiqin Deng , Xianhao Chen , Yuguang Fang

With Highly Automated Driving (HAD), the driver can engage in non-driving-related tasks. In the event of a system failure, the driver is expected to reasonably regain control of the Automated Vehicle (AV). Incorrect system understanding may…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Milin Patel , Rolf Jung , Yasin Cakir

Accurate driver attention prediction can serve as a critical reference for intelligent vehicles in understanding traffic scenes and making informed driving decisions. Though existing studies on driver attention prediction improved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Dongyang Xu , Qingfan Wang , Ji Ma , Xiangyun Zeng , Lei Chen

Safety is a critical concern in autonomous vehicle (AV) systems, especially when AI-based sensing and perception modules are involved. However, due to the black box nature of AI algorithms, it makes closed-loop analysis and synthesis…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-16 Tao Yan , Zheyu Zhang , Jingjing Jiang , Wen-Hua Chen

While the most visible part of the safety verification process of automated vehicles concerns the planning and control system, it is often overlooked that safety of the latter crucially depends on the fault-tolerance of the preceding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Cornelius Buerkle , Florian Geissler , Michael Paulitsch , Kay-Ulrich Scholl

Collaborative perception, which greatly enhances the sensing capability of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) by incorporating data from external resources, also brings forth potential security risks. CAVs' driving decisions rely on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Qingzhao Zhang , Shuowei Jin , Ruiyang Zhu , Jiachen Sun , Xumiao Zhang , Qi Alfred Chen , Z. Morley Mao

Simulation testing is a fundamental approach for evaluating automated vehicles (AVs). To ensure its reliability, it is crucial to accurately replicate interactions between AVs and background traffic, which necessitates effective…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Jia Hu , Junqi Li , Xuerun Yan , Jintao Lai , Lianhua An

Unresolved questions about how autonomous vehicles (AVs) should meet the informational needs of riders hinder real-world adoption. Complicating our ability to satisfy rider needs is that different people, goals, and driving contexts have…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Robert Kaufman

Autonomous vehicles (AV) require that neural networks used for perception be robust to different viewpoints if they are to be deployed across many types of vehicles without the repeated cost of data collection and labeling for each. AV…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Tzofi Klinghoffer , Jonah Philion , Wenzheng Chen , Or Litany , Zan Gojcic , Jungseock Joo , Ramesh Raskar , Sanja Fidler , Jose M. Alvarez