Related papers: Separations in Proof Complexity and TFNP
Any stretching of Ringel's non-Pappus pseudoline arrangement when projected into the Euclidean plane, implicitly contains a particular arrangement of nine triangles. This arrangement has a complex constraint involving the sines of its…
The promise constraint satisfaction problem (PCSP) is a recently introduced vast generalisation of the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) that captures approximability of satisfiable instances. A PCSP instance comes with two forms of…
A classical question of propositional logic is one of the shortest proof of a tautology. A related fundamental problem is to determine the relative efficiency of standard proof systems, where the relative complexity is measured using the…
Self-supervised Learning (SSL) including the mainstream contrastive learning has achieved great success in learning visual representations without data annotations. However, most methods mainly focus on the instance level information (\ie,…
Quantum computing is seeking to realize hardware-optimized algorithms for application-related computational tasks. NP (nondeterministic-polynomial-time) is a complexity class containing many important but intractable problems like the…
Semi-algebraic proof systems such as sum-of-squares (SoS) have attracted a lot of attention recently due to their relation to approximation algorithms: constant degree semi-algebraic proofs lead to conjecturally optimal polynomial-time…
We convert, within polynomial-time and sequential processing, NP-Complete Problems into a problem of deciding feasibility of a given system S of linear equations with constants and coefficients of binary-variables that are 0, 1, or -1. S is…
Given a satisfiable instance of 1-in-3 SAT, it is NP-hard to find a satisfying assignment for it, but it may be possible to efficiently find a solution subject to a weaker (not necessarily Boolean) predicate than `1-in-3'. There is a…
We introduce a novel spectral, finite-dimensional approximation of general Sobolev spaces in terms of Chebyshev polynomials. Based on this polynomial surrogate model (PSM), we realise a variational formulation, solving a vast class of…
A problem $\mathcal{P}$ is considered downward self-reducible, if there exists an efficient algorithm for $\mathcal{P}$ that is allowed to make queries to only strictly smaller instances of $\mathcal{P}$. Downward self-reducibility has been…
We analyze the problem of global reconstruction of functions as accurately as possible, based on partial information in the form of a truncated power series at some point, and additional analyticity properties. This situation occurs…
We investigate the following longstanding open questions raised by Kraj\'i\v{c}ek and Pudl\'ak (J. Symb. L. 1989), Sadowski (FCT 1997), K\"obler and Messner (CCC 1998) and Messner (PhD 2000). Q1: Does TAUT have (p-)optimal proof systems?…
For a $k$-ary predicate $P$, a random instance of CSP$(P)$ with $n$ variables and $m$ constraints is unsatisfiable with high probability when $m \gg n$. The natural algorithmic task in this regime is \emph{refutation}: finding a proof that…
We prove two sets of results concerning computational complexity classes. The first concerns a variation of the random oracle hypothesis posed by Bennett and Gill after they showed that relative to a randomly chosen oracle, P not equal NP…
We deploy numerical semidefinite programming and conversion to exact rational inequalities to certify that for a positive semidefinite input polynomial or rational function, any representation as a fraction of sums-of-squares of polynomials…
A new algorithm for eigenvalue problems for the fractional Jacobi type ODE is proposed. The algorithm is based on piecewise approximation of the coefficients of the differential equation with subsequent recursive procedure adapted from some…
By creating some new concepts and methods: checking tree, long unit path, direct contradiction unit pair, indirect contradiction unit pair, additional contradiction unit pair, 2-unit layer and 3-unit layer, redundant units, and destroying…
We show that if a system of degree-$k$ polynomial constraints on~$n$ Boolean variables has a Sums-of-Squares (SOS) proof of unsatisfiability with at most~$s$ many monomials, then it also has one whose degree is of the order of the square…
Instances of logical cryptanalysis, circuit verification, and bounded model checking can often be succinctly represented as a combined satisfiability (SAT) problem where an instance is a combination of traditional clauses and parity…
Learning from negative samples holds great promise for improving Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning capability, yet existing methods treat all incorrect responses as equally informative, overlooking the crucial role of sample quality. To…