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Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) is a noninvasive optical technique that probes microvascular blood flow in deep tissues. Here, we present and validate a new on-chip hardware correlator for high-speed DCS measurements. The correlator…

Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) is rapidly emerging as a transformative non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) modality characterized by high spatial resolution and ability to target deep brain circuits. Unlike…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-02 William J. Tyler

For decades, focal non-invasive neuromodulation of deep brain regions has not been possible because of the steep depth-focality trade-off of conventional non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial magnetic…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-17 Pierre Vassiliadis , Elena Beanato , Maximilian J. Wessel , Friedhelm C. Hummel

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive medical imaging modality utilizing the current-density/voltage data measured on the surface of the subject. Calder\'on's method is a relatively recent EIT imaging algorithm that is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-01 Siyu Cen , Bangti Jin , Kwancheol Shin , Zhi Zhou

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a technique for noninvasively stimulating a brain area for therapeutic, rehabilitation treatments and neuroscience research. Despite our understanding of the physical principles and experimental…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-12-30 Jose Gomez-Tames , Ilkka Laakso , Akimasa Hirata

We present an efficient deep learning technique for the model reduction of the Navier-Stokes equations for unsteady flow problems. The proposed technique relies on the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the stochastic gradient descent…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-08-16 Tharindu P. Miyanawala , Rajeev K. Jaiman

With ever increasing depth and width in deep neural networks to achieve state-of-the-art performance, deep learning computation has significantly grown, and dot-products remain dominant in overall computation time. Most prior works are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Duy-Thanh Nguyen , Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Abhishek Moitra , Priyadarshini Panda

In this article, we design a novel Transcranial Electrical Stimulator for medical applications, which is very cheap and can produce the desired signals very accurately. Our fabricated stimulator generates all current signals related to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-10 HoseinAli Jafari , Mohammad Bagher Heydari , Niloofar Jafari , Hamid Mirhosseini

Deep learning techniques have revolutionized the field of machine learning and were recently successfully applied to various classification problems in noninvasive electroencephalography (EEG). However, these methods were so far only rarely…

Direct numerical simulations (DNS) are an indispensable tool for understanding the fundamental physics of turbulent flows. Because of their steep increase in computational cost with Reynolds number ($R_{\lambda}$), well-resolved DNS are…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Komal Kumari , Diego A. Donzis

In computational neuroscience, it is common to use the simplifying assumption that diffusive currents are negligible compared to Ohmic currents. However, endured periods of intense neural signaling may cause local ion concentration changes…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-02-08 Geir Halnes , Tuomo Mäki-Marttunen , Daniel Keller , Klas H. Pettersen , Gaute T. Einevoll

Neural network-based methods for (un)conditional density estimation have recently gained substantial attention, as various neural density estimators have outperformed classical approaches in real-data experiments. Despite these empirical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-02 Dehao Dai , Jianqing Fan , Yihong Gu , Debarghya Mukherjee

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most commonly-used tools to diagnose cardiovascular disease in clinical practice. Although deep learning models have achieved very impressive success in the field of automatic ECG analysis, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Linpeng Jin

Energy efficiency of hardware accelerators of deep neural networks (DNN) can be improved by introducing approximate arithmetic circuits. In order to quantify the error introduced by using these circuits and avoid the expensive hardware…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Filip Vaverka , Vojtech Mrazek , Zdenek Vasicek , Lukas Sekanina

Background: Individual skull models of bone density and geometry are important when planning the expected transcranial ultrasound acoustic field and estimating mechanical and thermal safety in low-intensity transcranial ultrasound…

The heart's contraction is caused by electrical excitation which propagates through the heart muscle. It was recently shown that the electrical excitation can be computed from the contractile motion of a simulated piece of heart muscle…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-05-16 Jan Lebert , Daniel Deng , Lei Fan , Lik Chuan Lee , Jan Christoph

Longitudinal analysis has great potential to reveal developmental trajectories and monitor disease progression in medical imaging. This process relies on consistent and robust joint 4D segmentation. Traditional techniques are dependent on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Malav Bateriwala , Pierrick Bourgeat

Computed Tomography (CT) is widely used in healthcare for detailed imaging. However, Low-dose CT, despite reducing radiation exposure, often results in images with compromised quality due to increased noise. Traditional methods, including…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Herman Verinaz-Jadan , Su Yan

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction is a pivotal task in product and content recommendation, where learning effective feature embeddings is of great significance. However, traditional methods typically learn fixed feature representations…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Chen Zhu , Liang Du , Hong Chen , Shuang Zhao , Zixun Sun , Xin Wang , Wenwu Zhu

We present a nonlinear data-driven Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm for deep brain stimulation (DBS) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although DBS is typically implemented in open-loop, closed-loop DBS (CLDBS) uses the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Sebastian Steffen , Mark Cannon