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Bridging model-based safety and model-free reinforcement learning (RL) for dynamic robots is appealing since model-based methods are able to provide formal safety guarantees, while RL-based methods are able to exploit the robot agility by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Zhongyu Li , Jun Zeng , Akshay Thirugnanam , Koushil Sreenath

Stabilizing legged robot locomotion on a dynamic rigid surface (DRS) (i.e., rigid surface that moves in the inertial frame) is a complex planning and control problem. The complexity arises due to the hybrid nonlinear walking dynamics…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Amir Iqbal , Yan Gu

This paper studies bipedal locomotion as a nonlinear optimization problem based on continuous and discrete dynamics, by simultaneously optimizing the remaining step duration, the next step duration and the foot location to achieve…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Wenbin Hu , Iordanis Chatzinikolaidis , Kai Yuan , Zhibin Li

Multi-legged robots offer enhanced stability to navigate complex terrains with their multiple legs interacting with the environment. However, how to effectively coordinate the multiple legs in a larger action exploration space to generate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Xin Liu , Jinze Wu , Yinghui Li , Chenkun Qi , Yufei Xue , Feng Gao

Developing agile behaviors for legged robots remains a challenging problem. While deep reinforcement learning is a promising approach, learning truly agile behaviors typically requires tedious reward shaping and careful curriculum design.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Atil Iscen , George Yu , Alejandro Escontrela , Deepali Jain , Jie Tan , Ken Caluwaerts

Recent advances of locomotion controllers utilizing deep reinforcement learning (RL) have yielded impressive results in terms of achieving rapid and robust locomotion across challenging terrain, such as rugged rocks, non-rigid ground, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Zifan Xu , Amir Hossain Raj , Xuesu Xiao , Peter Stone

Traversing rough terrain requires dynamic bipeds to stabilize themselves through foot placement without stepping in unsafe areas. Planning these footsteps online is challenging given non-convexity of the safe terrain, and imperfect…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Brian Acosta , Michael Posa

In this work, we introduce a control framework that combines model-based footstep planning with Reinforcement Learning (RL), leveraging desired footstep patterns derived from the Linear Inverted Pendulum (LIP) dynamics. Utilizing the LIP…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Ho Jae Lee , Seungwoo Hong , Sangbae Kim

In this letter, we formulate a novel Markov Decision Process (MDP) for safe and data-efficient learning for humanoid locomotion aided by a dynamic balancing model. In our previous studies of biped locomotion, we relied on a low-dimensional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Junhyeok Ahn , Jaemin Lee , Luis Sentis

Contact modeling plays a central role in motion planning, simulation, and control of legged robots, as legged locomotion is realized through contact. The two prevailing approaches to model the contact consider rigid and compliant premise at…

For humanoids to be deployed in demanding situations, such as search and rescue, highly intelligent decision making and proficient sensorimotor skill is expected. A promising solution is to leverage human prowess by interconnecting robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Guillermo Colin , Youngwoo Sim , Joao Ramos

In this paper, we propose a multi-domain control parameter learning framework that combines Bayesian Optimization (BO) and Hybrid Zero Dynamics (HZD) for locomotion control of bipedal robots. We leverage BO to learn the control parameters…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Lizhi Yang , Zhongyu Li , Jun Zeng , Koushil Sreenath

Bipedal robots are a prime example of systems which exhibit highly nonlinear dynamics, underactuation, and undergo complex dissipative impacts. This paper discusses methods used to overcome a wide variety of uncertainties, with the end…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-04 Shishir Kolathaya , Jacob Reher , Aaron D. Ames

Robots operating in human environments need various skills, like slow and fast walking, turning, side-stepping, and many more. However, building robot controllers that can exhibit such a large range of behaviors is a challenging problem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Tianyu Li , Jungdam Won , Sehoon Ha , Akshara Rai

We present a model-based framework for robot locomotion that achieves walking based on only 4.5 minutes (45,000 control steps) of data collected on a quadruped robot. To accurately model the robot's dynamics over a long horizon, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Yuxiang Yang , Ken Caluwaerts , Atil Iscen , Tingnan Zhang , Jie Tan , Vikas Sindhwani

Legged robots must adapt their gait to navigate unpredictable environments, a challenge that animals master with ease. However, most deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approaches to quadruped locomotion rely on a fixed gait, limiting…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Joseph Humphreys , Chengxu Zhou

Locomotion on dynamic rigid surface (i.e., rigid surface accelerating in an inertial frame) presents complex challenges for controller design, which are essential for deploying humanoid robots in dynamic real-world environments such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Yuan Gao , Victor Paredes , Yukai Gong , Zijian He , Ayonga Hereid , Yan Gu

This work presents Neural Gaits, a method for learning dynamic walking gaits through the enforcement of set invariance that can be refined episodically using experimental data from the robot. We frame walking as a set invariance problem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Ivan Dario Jimenez Rodriguez , Noel Csomay-Shanklin , Yisong Yue , Aaron D. Ames

Humanoid robots can, in principle, use their legs to go almost anywhere. Developing controllers capable of traversing diverse terrains, however, remains a considerable challenge. Classical controllers are hard to generalize broadly while…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Ilija Radosavovic , Sarthak Kamat , Trevor Darrell , Jitendra Malik

Quadrupedal robots exhibit a wide range of viable gaits, but generating specific footfall sequences often requires laborious expert tuning of numerous variables, such as touch-down and lift-off events and holonomic constraints for each leg.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jiayu Ding , Xulin Chen , Garrett E. Katz , Zhenyu Gan