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Current research in the automotive domain has proven the limitations of the CAN protocol from a security standpoint. Application-layer attacks, which involve the creation of malicious packets, are deemed feasible from remote but can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Alvise de Faveri Tron , Stefano Longari , Michele Carminati , Mario Polino , Stefano Zanero

Modern vehicles, including connected vehicles and autonomous vehicles, nowadays involve many electronic control units connected through intra-vehicle networks to implement various functionalities and perform actions. Modern vehicles are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Li Yang , Abdallah Moubayed , Abdallah Shami

Modern vehicles are complex safety critical cyber physical systems, that are connected to the outside world, with all security implications that brings. To enhance vehicle security several network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Guillaume Dupont , Jerry den Hartog , Sandro Etalle , Alexios Lekidis

Vehicular controller area networks (CANs) are susceptible to masquerade attacks by malicious adversaries. In masquerade attacks, adversaries silence a targeted ID and then send malicious frames with forged content at the expected timing of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Pablo Moriano , Steven C. Hespeler , Mingyan Li , Robert A. Bridges

Vehicles today comprise intelligent systems like connected autonomous driving and advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) to enhance the driving experience, which is enabled through increased connectivity to infrastructure and fusion of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Shashwat Khandelwal , Shreejith Shanker

Closed-loop control systems employ continuous sensing and actuation to maintain controlled variables within preset bounds and achieve the desired system output. Intentional disturbances in the system, such as in the case of cyberattacks,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-21 Vuk Lesi , Marcio Juliato , Shabbir Ahmed , Christopher Gutierrez , Qian Wang , Manoj Sastry

As connectivity between and within vehicles increases, so does concern about safety and security. Various automotive serial protocols are used inside vehicles such as Controller Area Network (CAN), Local Interconnect Network (LIN) and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Emad Aliwa , Omer Rana , Charith Perera , Peter Burnap

As the number of cyberattacks and their particualr nature escalate, the need for effective intrusion detection systems (IDS) has become indispensable for ensuring the security of contemporary networks. Adaptive and more sophisticated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Soham Chatterjee , Satvik Chaudhary , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

Recent years have seen an exponential rise in complex software-driven functionality in vehicles, leading to a rising number of electronic control units (ECUs), network capabilities, and interfaces. These expanded capabilities also bring-in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Shashwat Khandelwal , Shreejith Shanker

Modern vehicles are equipped with Electronic Control Units (ECU) that are used for controlling important vehicle functions including safety-critical operations. ECUs exchange information via in-vehicle communication buses, of which the…

Intrusion detection is a traditional practice of security experts, however, there are several issues which still need to be tackled. Therefore, in this paper, after highlighting these issues, we present an architecture for a hybrid…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Lynda Boukela , Gongxuan Zhang , Meziane Yacoub , Samia Bouzefrane

The Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol, essential for automotive embedded systems, lacks inherent security features, making it vulnerable to cyber threats, especially with the rise of autonomous vehicles. Traditional security measures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Franco Oberti , Stefano Di Carlo , Alessandro Savino

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has evolved modern transportation through enhanced connectivity and intelligent systems. However, this increased connectivity introduces critical vulnerabilities, making vehicles susceptible to cyber-attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Hop Le , Izzat Alsmadi

As the central nerve of the intelligent vehicle control system, the in-vehicle network bus is crucial to the security of vehicle driving. One of the best standards for the in-vehicle network is the Controller Area Network (CAN bus)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Yongqi Dong , Kejia Chen , Yinxuan Peng , Zhiyuan Ma

The evolution of the traditional power grid into the "smart grid" has resulted in a fundamental shift in energy management, which allows the integration of renewable energy sources with modern communication technology. However, this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Abdulhakim Alsaiari , Mohammad Ilyas

The Internet has become a prime subject to security attacks and intrusions by attackers. These attacks can lead to system malfunction, network breakdown, data corruption or theft. A network intrusion detection system (IDS) is a tool used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Tanwir Ahmad , Dragos Truscan , Juri Vain , Ivan Porres

This paper proposes a novel Self-Supervised Intrusion Detection (SSID) framework, which enables a fully online Deep Learning (DL) based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) that requires no human intervention or prior off-line learning. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Mert Nakıp , Erol Gelenbe

The rapid evolution of mobile networks from 5G to 6G has necessitated the development of autonomous network management systems, such as Zero-Touch Networks (ZTNs). However, the increased complexity and automation of these networks have also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Li Yang , Abdallah Shami

The progress of automotive technologies has made cybersecurity a crucial focus, leading to various cyber attacks. These attacks primarily target the Controller Area Network (CAN) and specialized Electronic Control Units (ECUs). In order to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yangyang Liu , Lei Xue , Sishan Wang , Xiapu Luo , Kaifa Zhao , Pengfei Jing , Xiaobo Ma , Yajuan Tang , Haiying Zhou

Modern vehicles remain vulnerable to unauthorized use and theft despite traditional security measures including immobilizers and keyless entry systems. Criminals exploit vulnerabilities in Controller Area Network (CAN) bus systems to bypass…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Brooke Elizabeth Kidmose , Andreas Brasen Kidmose , Cliff C. Zou