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Copulas are a fundamental tool for modelling multivariate dependencies in data, forming the method of choice in diverse fields and applications. However, the adoption of existing models for multimodal and high-dimensional dependencies is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-20 David Huk , Theodoros Damoulas

Solving decision problems in complex, stochastic environments is often achieved by estimating the expected outcome of decisions via Monte Carlo sampling. However, sampling may overlook rare, but important events, which can severely impact…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-16 Lachlan Gibson , Marcus Hoerger , Dirk Kroese

Extreme weather is one of the main mechanisms through which climate change will directly impact human society. Coping with such change as a global community requires markedly improved understanding of how global warming drives extreme…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-09-18 Adam Rupe , Karthik Kashinath , Nalini Kumar , Victor Lee , Prabhat , James P. Crutchfield

Predicting the occurrence of tail events is of great importance in financial risk management. By employing the method of peak-over-threshold (POT) to identify the financial extremes, we perform a recurrence interval analysis (RIA) on these…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-04-09 Wei-Zhen Li , Jin-Rui Zhai , Zhi-Qiang Jiang , Gang-Jin Wang , Wei-Xing Zhou

Extreme environmental events such as severe storms, drought, heat waves, flash floods, and abrupt species collapse have become more prevalent in the earth-atmosphere dynamic system in recent years. In order to fully understand the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-05 Myungsoo Yoo , Likun Zhang , Christopher K. Wikle , Thomas Opitz

This paper introduces a copula-based model for independent but non-identically distributed data with heteroscedastic extremes marginal and changing tail dependence structures. We establish a unified framework for inference by proving the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-25 Yifan Hu , Yanxi Hou

Normalizing flows are an established approach for modelling complex probability densities through invertible transformations from a base distribution. However, the accuracy with which the target distribution can be captured by the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-02 Harry Bevins , Will Handley , Thomas Gessey-Jones

Normalizing flows are a powerful class of generative models for continuous random variables, showing both strong model flexibility and the potential for non-autoregressive generation. These benefits are also desired when modeling discrete…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-06 Zachary M. Ziegler , Alexander M. Rush

Conditionally specified models are often used to describe complex multivariate data. Such models assume implicit structures on the extremes. So far, no methodology exists for calculating extremal characteristics of conditional models since…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-24 Stan Tendijck , Jonathan Tawn , Philip Jonathan

Copula modeling consists in finding a probabilistic distribution, called copula, whereby its coupling with the marginal distributions of a set of random variables produces their joint distribution. The present work aims to use this…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2018-04-24 Pierre Nazé

Heavy-tailed phenomena appear across diverse domains --from wealth and firm sizes in economics to network traffic, biological systems, and physical processes-- characterized by the disproportionate influence of extreme values. These…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Hamidreza Maleki Almani

Normalizing flows are powerful non-parametric statistical models that function as a hybrid between density estimators and generative models. Current learning algorithms for normalizing flows assume that data points are sampled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Matthias Kirchler , Christoph Lippert , Marius Kloft

Attaining ultra-reliable communication (URC) in fifth-generation (5G) and beyond networks requires deriving statistics of channel in ultra-reliable region by modeling the extreme events. Extreme value theory (EVT) has been previously…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Niloofar Mehrnia , Sinem Coleri

Normalising flows are tractable probabilistic models that leverage the power of deep learning to describe a wide parametric family of distributions, all while remaining trainable using maximum likelihood. We discuss how these methods can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Simon Alexanderson , Gustav Eje Henter

Skew-elliptical distributions constitute a large class of multivariate distributions that account for both skewness and a variety of tail properties. This class has simpler representations in terms of densities rather than cumulative…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-21 Harry Joe , Haijun Li

A new class of copulas, termed the MGL copula class, is introduced. The new copula originates from extracting the dependence function of the multivariate generalized log-Moyal-gamma distribution whose marginals follow the univariate…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-23 Zhengxiao Li , Jan Beirlant , Liang Yang

The mean-variance portfolio model, based on the risk-return trade-off for optimal asset allocation, remains foundational in portfolio optimization. However, its reliance on restrictive assumptions about asset return distributions limits its…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-04-17 Savita Pareek , Sujit K. Ghosh

Assessing the probability of occurrence of extreme events is a crucial issue in various fields like finance, insurance, telecommunication or environmental sciences. In a multivariate framework, the tail dependence is characterized by the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-05-26 Nicolas Goix , Anne Sabourin , Stéphan Clémençon

Extreme events, such as wave-storms, need to be characterized for coastal infrastructure design purposes. Such description should contain information on both the univariate behaviour and the joint-dependence of storm-variables. These two…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2019-03-15 Jue Lin-Ye , Manuel García-León , Vicente Gràcia , Maribel Ortego , Piero Lionello , Agustín Sanchez-Arcilla

This paper introduces a novel generative model for discrete distributions based on continuous normalizing flows on the submanifold of factorizing discrete measures. Integration of the flow gradually assigns categories and avoids issues of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Bastian Boll , Daniel Gonzalez-Alvarado , Christoph Schnörr