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This is a survey of the $cd$-index of Eulerian partially ordered sets. The $cd$-index is an encoding of the numbers of chains, specified by ranks, in the poset. It is the most efficient such encoding, incorporating all the affine relations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-05 Margaret M. Bayer

A graded partially ordered set is Eulerian if every interval has the same number of elements of even rank and of odd rank. Face lattices of convex polytopes are Eulerian. For Eulerian partially ordered sets, the flag vector can be encoded…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Margaret M. Bayer

The flag vector contains all the face incidence data of a polytope, and in the poset setting, the chain enumerative data. It is a classical result due to Bayer and Klapper that for face lattices of polytopes, and more generally, Eulerian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-08 Richard Ehrenborg , Mark Goresky , Margaret Readdy

We generalize the definition of the $cd$-index of an Eulerian poset to the class of semi-Eulerian posets. For simplicial semi-Eulerian Buchsbaum posets, we show that all coefficients of the $cd$-index are non-negative. This proves a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-10 Martina Juhnke-Kubitzke , José Alejandro Samper , Lorenzo Venturello

We present two classes of level Eulerian posets. Both classes contain intervals of rank k+1 whose cd-index is the sum over all cd-monomials w of degree k and the coefficient of the monomial w is r to the power of the number of d's in w. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-17 Richard Ehrenborg

The notion of level posets is introduced. This class of infinite posets has the property that between every two adjacent ranks the same bipartite graph occurs. When the adjacency matrix is indecomposable, we determine the length of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-06-10 Richard Ehrenborg , Gábor Hetyei , Margaret Readdy

The number of flags in a complete fan, or more generally in an Eulerian poset, is encoded in the cd-index. We prove non-negativity of the cd-index for complete fans, regular CW-spheres and Gorenstein* posets.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kalle Karu

For P a poset or lattice, let Id(P) denote the poset, respectively, lattice, of upward directed downsets in P, including the empty set, and let id(P)=Id(P)-\{\emptyset\}. This note obtains various results to the effect that Id(P) is always,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-05-10 George M. Bergman

We show that posets of bounded height whose cover graphs exclude a fixed graph as a topological minor have bounded dimension. This result was already proven by Walczak. However, our argument is entirely combinatorial and does not rely on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-25 Piotr Micek , Veit Wiechert

We generalize chain enumeration in graded partially ordered sets by relaxing the graded, poset and Eulerian requirements. The resulting balanced digraphs, which include the classical Eulerian posets having an $R$-labeling, imply the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-25 Richard Ehrenborg , Margaret Readdy

This thesis aims to give the reader an introduction and overview of the cd-index of a poset, as well as establish some new results. We give a combinatorial proof of Ehrenborg and Karu's cd-index subdivision decomposition for Gorenstein*…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-04 Patrick Dornian

The cd-index is an invariant of Eulerian posets expressed as a polynomial in noncommuting variables c and d. It determines another invariant, the h-polynomial. In this paper, we study the relative setting, that of subdivisions of posets. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-08 Patrick Dornian , Eric Katz , Ling Hei Tsang

We classify the unimodular equivalence classes of inclusion-minimal polygons with a certain fixed lattice width. As a corollary, we find a sharp upper bound on the number of lattice points of these minimal polygons.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-07 Filip Cools , Alexander Lemmens

There is a natural notion of a subdivision of a lower Eulerian poset called a strong formal subdivision, which abstracts the notion of a polyhedral subdivision of a polytope, or a proper, surjective morphism of fans. We show that there is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Alan Stapledon

We introduce Cayley posets as posets arising naturally from pairs $S<T$ of semigroups, much in the same way that Cayley graph arises from a (semi)group and a subset. We show that Cayley posets are a common generalization of several known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-27 Ignacio García-Marco , Kolja Knauer , Guillaume Mercui-Voyant

Reiner, Tenner, and Yong recently introduced the coincidental down-degree expectations (CDE) property for finite posets and showed that many nice posets are CDE. In this paper we further explore the CDE property, resolving a number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-24 Sam Hopkins

For each permutation $w$, we consider the set $\mathrm{PD}(w)$ of reduced pipe dreams for $w$, partially ordered so that cover relations correspond to (generalized) chute moves. Settling a conjecture of Rubey from 2012, we prove that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-18 Ilani Axelrod-Freed , Colin Defant , Hanna Mularczyk , Son Nguyen , Katherine Tung

We show that closed, immersed, minimal hypersurfaces in a compact symmetric space satisfy a lower bound on the index plus nullity, which depends linearly on their first Betti number. Moreover, if either the minimal hypersurface satisfies a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-05-25 Ricardo A. E. Mendes , Marco Radeschi

We introduce a new class of Eulerian posets, called S-partitionable posets, which have a non-negative cd-index. These posets are a generalization of S-shellable complexes introduced by Stanley in 1994. We prove that S-partitionable posets…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Felipe Caster , Dan Guyer , José Alejandro Samper

We show that every finite poset is isomorphic to a saturated subset of the spectrum of a Noetherian unique factorization domain. In addition, we show that every finite poset is isomorphic to a saturated subset of the spectrum of a…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-09-15 Cory H. Colbert , S. Loepp
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