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The lifetime and performance of any engineering component, from nanoscale sensors to macroscopic structures, are strongly influenced by fracture processes. Fracture itself is a highly localized event; originating at the atomic scale by bond…
The local variation of grain boundary atomic structure and chemistry caused by segregation of impurities influences the macroscopic properties of poylcrystalline materials. Here, the effect of co-segregation of carbon and boron on the…
Fracture of lithium-ion battery electrodes is found to contribute to capacity fade and reduce the lifespan of a battery. Traditional fracture models for batteries are restricted to consideration of a single, idealised particle; here,…
Sapphire and rubies (undoped and Cr-doped $\alpha$-Al$_2$O$_3$ single crystals) have been deformed in compression at temperatures lower than those previously used in studies of dislocations in the basal slip plane (see part I). Above…
Crystal defects play a large role in how materials respond to their surroundings, yet there are many uncertainties in how extended defects form, move, and interact deep beneath a material's surface. A newly developed imaging diagnostic,…
Of particular interest is the detection of precursors of an impending rupture. Theoretical, numerical studies along with laboratory experiments indicate that precursory signs of an impending failure are the sudden drop of fractal dimension…
In the context of calling for low carbon emissions, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely concerned as a power source for electric vehicles, so the fundamental science behind their manufacturing has attracted much attention in…
Numerical simulations of Aluminum (Al) and Tungsten (W) granular composite rings under various dynamic loading conditions caused by explosive loading were examined. Three competing mechanisms of fragmentation were observed: a continuum…
Future human-based exploration of our solar system requires the invention of materials that can resist harsh environments. Age-hardenable aluminium alloys would be attractive candidates for structural components in long-distance…
Dimension reduction procedure is the recipe to represent defects in two dimensional dislocation dynamics according to the changes in the geometrical properties of the defects triggered by different conditions such as radiation, high…
The damage and fracture of materials are technologically of enormous interest due to their economic and human cost. They cover a wide range of phenomena like e.g. cracking of glass, aging of concrete, the failure of fiber networks in the…
Molecular dynamics simulations of crack propagation are performed for two extreme cases of complex metallic alloys (CMAs): In a model quasicrystal the structure is determined by clusters of atoms, whereas the model C15 Laves phase is a…
Analytical models have been developed for fracture propagation over the last several decades and are now considered with renewed interest; the range of their applicability varies for different materials and different loading conditions.…
Point defects exist widely in engineering materials and are known to scatter vibrational modes to reduce thermal conductivity. The Klemens description of point defect scattering is the most prolific analytical model for this effect. This…
We demonstrate that the tentative detection of a few antihelium events with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on board the International Space Station can, in principle, be ascribed to the annihilation or decay of Galactic dark matter,…
Grain boundary segregation controls properties of polycrystalline materials such as their susceptibility to intergranular cracking. It is of interest to engineer alloy chemistry to enhance grain boundary cohesion to prevent intergranular…
New results for the strength of the symmetry energy are presented which illustrate the complementary aspects encountered in reactions probing nuclear densities below and above saturation. A systematic study of isotopic effects in spectator…
The morphology of fracture surfaces encodes the various complex damage and fracture processes occurring at the microstructure scale that have lead to the failure of a given heterogeneous material. Understanding how to decipher this…
In electron positron annihilation, changing quarks into the final hadron states is being described by fragmentation function. Based on the scaling hypothesis, this function will be independent from the center of mass energy. Gluon radiation…
Interest in air breakdown phenomena has recently been re-kindled with the advent of advanced virtual prototyping of radio frequency (RF) sources for use in high power microwave (HPM) weapons technology. Air breakdown phenomena are of…