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Fairness and bias are crucial concepts in artificial intelligence, yet they are relatively ignored in machine learning applications in clinical psychiatry. We computed fairness metrics and present bias mitigation strategies using a model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Pablo Mosteiro , Jesse Kuiper , Judith Masthoff , Floortje Scheepers , Marco Spruit

As interest in implementing artificial intelligence (AI) in medical systems grows, discussion continues on how to evaluate the fairness of these systems, or the disparities they may perpetuate. Socioeconomic status (SES) is commonly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Alissa A. Valentine , Alexander W. Charney , Isotta Landi

This study delves into the pervasive issue of gender issues in artificial intelligence (AI), specifically within automatic scoring systems for student-written responses. The primary objective is to investigate the presence of gender biases,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Ehsan Latif , Xiaoming Zhai , Lei Liu

Bias in medical AI is often framed as a problem of representation. However, in image-based tasks such as fetal ultrasound, performance disparities can arise even when representation is adequate, because predictive accuracy depends strongly…

The use of machine learning and AI on electronic health records (EHRs) holds substantial potential for clinical insight. However, this approach faces challenges due to data heterogeneity, sparsity, temporal misalignment, and limited labeled…

Humans increasingly delegate decisions to language models, yet whether these systems reproduce or reshape human patterns of discrimination remains unclear. Here we run a large-scale study to analyse whether language models use demographic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ze Wang , Guobin Shen , Michael Thaler

The deployment of multiple AI-triage devices in radiology departments has grown rapidly, yet the cumulative impact on patient wait-times across different disease conditions remains poorly understood. This research develops a comprehensive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Michelle Mastrianni , Rucha Deshpande , Frank W. Samuelson , Yee Lam Elim Thompson

Deep generative models and synthetic medical data have shown significant promise in addressing key challenges in healthcare, such as privacy concerns, data bias, and the scarcity of realistic datasets. While research in this area has grown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Krishan Agyakari Raja Babu , Supriti Mulay , Om Prabhu , Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam

Speech-based detection of cognitive impairment (CI) offers a promising non-invasive approach for early diagnosis, yet performance disparities across demographic and clinical subgroups remain underexplored, raising concerns around fairness…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-04 Kashaf Gulzar , Korbinian Riedhammer , Elmar Nöth , Andreas K. Maier , Paula Andrea Pérez-Toro

Growing awareness of social biases and inequalities embedded in Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems has brought increased attention to the integration of Diversity and Inclusion (D&I) principles throughout the AI lifecycle. Despite the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Sidra Malik , Muneera Bano , Didar Zowghi

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has demonstrated success in computational pathology (CPath) for disease detection, biomarker classification, and prognosis prediction. However, its potential to learn unintended demographic biases, particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Shengjia Chen , Ruchika Verma , Kevin Clare , Jannes Jegminat , Eugenia Alleva , Kuan-lin Huang , Brandon Veremis , Thomas Fuchs , Gabriele Campanella

This study delves into gender classification systems, shedding light on the interaction between social stereotypes and algorithmic determinations. Drawing on the "averageness theory," which suggests a relationship between a face's…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Miriam Doh , Anastasia Karagianni

Artificial intelligence (AI) is widely promoted as a promising technological response to healthcare capacity and productivity pressures. Deployment of AI systems carries significant costs including ongoing costs of monitoring and whether…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Ari Ercole

Algorithmic systems increasingly function as epistemic infrastructures that govern the conditions of interpretative access and social belief. Yet, mainstream auditing strategies operationalize fairness primarily in predictive terms - error…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Camilla Quaresmini , Lisa Piccinin , Valentina Breschi

Most artificial intelligence (AI) research have concentrated in high-income countries, where imaging data, IT infrastructures and clinical expertise are plentiful. However, slower progress has been made in limited-resource environments…

The connection between the design and delivery of health care services using information technology is known as health informatics. It involves data usage, validation, and transfer of an integrated medical analysis using neural networks of…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-08-08 Amin Gasmi

Background: The integration of artificial intelligence into medicine has led to significant advances, particularly in diagnostics and treatment planning. However, the reliability of AI models is highly dependent on the quality of the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-24 Hannes Ulrich , Robin Hendel , Santiago Pazmino , Björn Bergh , Björn Schreiweis

Machine learning in medicine leverages the wealth of healthcare data to extract knowledge, facilitate clinical decision-making, and ultimately improve care delivery. However, ML models trained on datasets that lack demographic diversity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Songzi Liu , Yuan Luo

Generative AI systems are increasingly used by patients seeking everyday health guidance, yet their appropriateness in chronic care contexts remains unclear. Focusing on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), this paper presents a mixed-methods…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yibo Meng , Ruiqi Chen , Bingyi Liu , Yan Guan , Xiaolan Ding

Recent advances in deep learning and on-device inference could transform routine screening for skin cancers. Along with the anticipated benefits of this technology, potential dangers arise from unforeseen and inherent biases. A significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ko Watanabe , Stanislav Frolov , Aya Hassan , David Dembinsky , Adriano Lucieri , Andreas Dengel