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In Reinforcement Learning (RL), an agent explores the environment and collects trajectories into the memory buffer for later learning. However, the collected trajectories can easily be imbalanced with respect to the achieved goal states.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Rui Zhao , Volker Tresp

A reinforcement learning (RL) framework is introduced for the efficient synthesis of quantum circuits that generate specified target quantum states from a fixed initial state, addressing a central challenge in both the Noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-18 Sara Giordano , Kornikar Sen , Miguel A. Martin-Delgado

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across diverse visual tasks, yet their performance degrades in complex visual environments. While existing enhancement approaches require additional training, rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Yuyao Ge , Shenghua Liu , Yiwei Wang , Lingrui Mei , Baolong Bi , Xuanshan Zhou , Jiayu Yao , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising approach for aligning large language models (LLMs) knowledge with sequential decision-making tasks. However, few studies have thoroughly investigated the impact on LLM agents capabilities of…

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn an effective policy from a pre-collected dataset. Most existing works are to develop sophisticated learning algorithms, with less emphasis on improving the data collection process. Moreover,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Chenyu Sun , Hangwei Qian , Chunyan Miao

Contrastive Learning (CL), a leading paradigm in Self-Supervised Learning (SSL), typically relies on pairs of data views generated through augmentation. While multiple augmentations per instance (more than two) improve generalization in…

Low sample efficiency is an enduring challenge of reinforcement learning (RL). With the advent of versatile large language models (LLMs), recent works impart common-sense knowledge to accelerate policy learning for RL processes. However, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Fuxiang Zhang , Junyou Li , Yi-Chen Li , Zongzhang Zhang , Yang Yu , Deheng Ye

Continual learning (CL) is designed to learn new tasks while preserving existing knowledge. Replaying samples from earlier tasks has proven to be an effective method to mitigate the forgetting of previously acquired knowledge. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Ruiqi Liu , Boyu Diao , Libo Huang , Zijia An , Zhulin An , Yongjun Xu

Learning representations of images that are invariant to sensitive or unwanted attributes is important for many tasks including bias removal and cross domain retrieval. Here, our objective is to learn representations that are invariant to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Jonathan Kahana , Yedid Hoshen

Contrastive pretraining is well-known to improve downstream task performance and model generalisation, especially in limited label settings. However, it is sensitive to the choice of augmentation pipeline. Positive pairs should preserve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Melanie Roschewitz , Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro , Tian Xia , Galvin Khara , Ben Glocker

In this paper, we propose the $K$-Shot Contrastive Learning (KSCL) of visual features by applying multiple augmentations to investigate the sample variations within individual instances. It aims to combine the advantages of inter-instance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Haohang Xu , Hongkai Xiong , Guo-Jun Qi

Reasoning capability plays a significantly critical role in the the broad applications of Large Language Models (LLMs). To enhance the reasoning performance of LLMs, diverse Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based fine-tuning approaches have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Wenqiao Zhu , Ji Liu , Rongjuncheng Zhang , Haipang Wu , Yulun Zhang

Unsupervised feature learning has made great strides with contrastive learning based on instance discrimination and invariant mapping, as benchmarked on curated class-balanced datasets. However, natural data could be highly correlated and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Xudong Wang , Ziwei Liu , Stella X. Yu

Although the self-supervised pre-training of transformer models has resulted in the revolutionizing of natural language processing (NLP) applications and the achievement of state-of-the-art results with regard to various benchmarks, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Xiang Chen , Xin Xie , Zhen Bi , Hongbin Ye , Shumin Deng , Ningyu Zhang , Huajun Chen

In this study, we propose a feature extraction framework based on contrastive learning with adaptive positive and negative samples (CL-FEFA) that is suitable for unsupervised, supervised, and semi-supervised single-view feature extraction.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Hongjie Zhang

Continuous-time reinforcement learning (CTRL) provides a natural framework for sequential decision-making in dynamic environments where interactions evolve continuously over time. While CTRL has shown growing empirical success, its ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Runze Zhao , Yue Yu , Ruhan Wang , Chunfeng Huang , Dongruo Zhou

Contrastive learning is a discriminative approach that aims at grouping similar samples closer and diverse samples far from each other. It it an efficient technique to train an encoder generating distinguishable and informative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Qing Chen , Jian Zhang

Contrastive learning (CL), a self-supervised learning approach, can effectively learn visual representations from unlabeled data. Given the CL training data, generative models can be trained to generate synthetic data to supplement the real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Yawen Wu , Zhepeng Wang , Dewen Zeng , Yiyu Shi , Jingtong Hu

Retrieval-Augmented Language Models (RALMs) have significantly improved performance in open-domain question answering (QA) by leveraging external knowledge. However, RALMs still struggle with unanswerable queries, where the retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Seong-Il Park , Seung-Woo Choi , Na-Hyun Kim , Jay-Yoon Lee

Class-incremental fault diagnosis requires a model to adapt to new fault classes while retaining previous knowledge. However, limited research exists for imbalanced and long-tailed data. Extracting discriminative features from few-shot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Hanrong Zhang , Yifei Yao , Zixuan Wang , Jiayuan Su , Mengxuan Li , Peng Peng , Hongwei Wang