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In this paper, we investigate which questions are challenging for retrieval-based Question Answering (QA). We (i) propose retrieval complexity (RC), a novel metric conditioned on the completeness of retrieved documents, which measures the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Matteo Gabburo , Nicolaas Paul Jedema , Siddhant Garg , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Alessandro Moschitti

Controllability has become a crucial aspect of trustworthy machine learning, enabling learners to meet predefined targets and adapt dynamically at test time without requiring retraining as the targets shift. We provide a formal definition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Chenglei Shen , Xiao Zhang , Teng Shi , Changshuo Zhang , Guofu Xie , Jun Xu

In today's data-driven research landscape, dataset visibility and accessibility play a crucial role in advancing scientific knowledge. At the same time, data citation is essential for maintaining academic integrity, acknowledging…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Fakhri Momeni , Janete Saldanha Bach , Brigitte Mathiak , Peter Mutschke

We present an end-to-end differentiable training method for retrieval-augmented open-domain question answering systems that combine information from multiple retrieved documents when generating answers. We model retrieval decisions as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Devendra Singh Sachan , Siva Reddy , William Hamilton , Chris Dyer , Dani Yogatama

The processing of Visually-Rich Documents (VRDs) is highly important in information extraction tasks associated with Document Intelligence. We introduce DI-Metrics, a Python library devoted to VRD model evaluation comprising text-based,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Jonathan DeGange , Swapnil Gupta , Zhuoyu Han , Krzysztof Wilkosz , Adam Karwan

The performance of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems in information retrieval is significantly influenced by the characteristics of the documents being processed. In this study, the structured nature of textbooks, the conciseness…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Esmaeil Narimissa , David Raithel

Linked Open Datasets about scholarly publications enable the development and integration of sophisticated end-user services; however, richer datasets are still needed. The first goal of this Challenge was to investigate novel approaches to…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2014-08-22 Christoph Lange , Angelo Di Iorio

There are settings in which reproducibility of ranked lists is desirable, such as when extracting a subset of an evolving document corpus for downstream research tasks or in domains such as patent retrieval or in medical systematic reviews,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Moritz Staudinger , Florina Piroi , Andreas Rauber

An increasing amount of data is published on the Web according to the Linked Open Data (LOD) principles. End users would like to browse these data in a flexible manner. In this paper we focus on similarity-based browsing and we introduce a…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2011-06-22 Michael Hickson , Yannis Kargakis , Yannis Tzitzikas

Shared practices to assess the diversity of retrieval system results are still debated in the Information Retrieval community, partly because of the challenges of determining what diversity means in specific scenarios, and of understanding…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Lorenzo Porcaro , Emilia Gómez , Carlos Castillo

Multi-document summarization (MDS) assumes a set of topic-related documents are provided as input. In practice, this document set is not always available; it would need to be retrieved given an information need, i.e. a question or topic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 John Giorgi , Luca Soldaini , Bo Wang , Gary Bader , Kyle Lo , Lucy Lu Wang , Arman Cohan

Identifying suitable datasets for a research question remains challenging because existing dataset search engines rely heavily on metadata quality and keyword overlap, which often fail to capture the semantic intent of scientific…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Zhiyin Tan , Changxu Duan

The accelerating pace of research on autoregressive generative models has produced thousands of papers, making manual literature surveys and reproduction studies increasingly impractical. We present a fully open-source, reproducible…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Faruk Alpay , Bugra Kilictas , Hamdi Alakkad

Reproducibility is a key requirement for scientific progress. It allows the reproduction of the works of others, and, as a consequence, to fully trust the reported claims and results. In this work, we argue that, by facilitating…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Alejandro Bellogín , Alan Said

This study considers the extent to which users with the same query agree as to what is relevant, and how what is considered relevant may translate into a retrieval algorithm and results display. To combine user perceptions of relevance with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2010-06-24 Judith Gelernter , Dong Cao , Jaime Carbonell

In this paper, we replicated a Bayesian educational research project, which explores the association between broadband access and online course enrollment in the US. We summarized key findings from our replication and compared them with the…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2022-11-01 Siqi Zheng

This paper is a survey discussing Information Retrieval concepts, methods, and applications. It goes deep into the document and query modelling involved in IR systems, in addition to pre-processing operations such as removing stop words and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2012-12-11 Youssef Bassil

The Differentiable Search Index (DSI) is a novel information retrieval (IR) framework that utilizes a differentiable function to generate a sorted list of document identifiers in response to a given query. However, due to the black-box…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Xiaoyang Chen , Yanjiang Liu , Ben He , Le Sun , Yingfei Sun

Machine learning (ML) is an increasingly important scientific tool supporting decision making and knowledge generation in numerous fields. With this, it also becomes more and more important that the results of ML experiments are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Sheeba Samuel , Frank Löffler , Birgitta König-Ries

The term Open Access not only describes a certain model of scholarly publishing -- namely in digital format freely accessible to readers -- but often also implies that free availability of research results is desirable, and hence has a…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Niels Taubert , Anne Hobert , Nicolas Fraser , Najko Jahn , Elham Iravani