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During the earliest phase of architectural design process, practitioners after analyzing the client's design program, legal requirements, topographic constraints, and preferences synthesize these requirements into architectural floor plan…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-10-06 Eugénio Rodrigues , Adélio R. Gaspar , Álvaro Gomes , Manuel Gameiro da Silva

Reinforcement learning improves LLM reasoning, but PPO/GRPO typically use fixed clipping and decoding temperature, which makes training brittle and tuning-heavy. We propose Adaptive Group Policy Optimization (AGPO), a critic-free refinement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Miaobo Hu , Shuhao Hu , Bokun Wang , Ruohan Wang , Xin Wang , Xiaobo Guo , Daren Zha , Jun Xiao

The user persona is a communication tool for designers to generate a mental model that describes the archetype of users. Developing building occupant personas is proven to be an effective method for human-centered smart building design,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Sheik Murad Hassan Anik , Xinghua Gao , Na Meng

In this paper, we investigate the problem of minimizing the sum of energy cost and thermal discomfort cost in a long-term time horizon for a sustainable smart home with a Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) load. Specifically,…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Liang Yu , Tao Jiang , Yulong Zou

Most people spend up to 90 % of their time indoors. However, literature in the field of facility management and related disciplines mostly focus on energy and cost saving aspects of buildings. Especially in the area of commercial buildings,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Svenja Laing , Niklas Kühl

In this paper, we propose a new end-to-end methodology to optimize the energy performance and the comfort, air quality and hygiene of large buildings. A metamodel based on a Transformer network is introduced and trained using a dataset…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-23 Max Cohen , Maurice Charbit , Sylvain Le Corff , Marius Preda , Gilles Nozière

In the post-Dennard era, optimizing embedded systems requires navigating complex trade-offs between energy efficiency and latency. Traditional heuristic tuning is often inefficient in such high-dimensional, non-smooth landscapes. In this…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zheyuan Hu , Yifei Shi

The traditional heat-load generation pattern of combined heat and power generators has become a problem leading to renewable energy source (RES) power curtailment in cold regions, motivating the proposal of a planning model for alternative…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-17 Ruizhe Yang , Zhongkai Yi , Ying Xu , Guiyu Chen , Haojie Yang , Rong Yi , Tongqing Li , Miaozhe ShenJin Li , Haoxiang Gao , Hongyu Duan

In the past few years, several case studies have illustrated that the use of occupancy information in buildings leads to energy-efficient and low-cost HVAC operation. The widely presented techniques for occupancy estimation include…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-03-01 Qian Huang , Zhenhao Ge , Chao Lu

District energy systems can not only reduce energy consumption but also set energy supply dispatching schemes according to demand. In this paper, the combined cooling heating and power economic emission dispatch (CCHPEED) model is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-19 Jiaze Sun , Jiahui Deng , Yang Li , Shuaiyin Ma , Nan Han

Energy-efficient ventilation control plays a vital role in reducing building energy consumption while ensuring occupant health and comfort. While Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations provide detailed and physically accurate…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-20 Yuexin Bian , Oliver Schmidt , Yuanyuan Shi

Accurate and efficient prediction of indoor airflow and temperature distributions is essential for building energy optimization and occupant comfort control. However, traditional CFD simulations are computationally intensive, limiting their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Shaofan Wang , Nils Thuerey , Philipp Geyer

This investigation aims to study different adaptive fuzzy inference algorithms capable of real-time sequential learning and prediction of time-series data. A brief qualitative description of these algorithms namely meta-cognitive fuzzy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Mainak Dan , Seshadhri Srinivasan

A stochastic model predictive controller (SMPC) of air conditioning (AC) system is proposed to improve the energy efficiency of electric vehicles (EV). A Markov-chain based velocity predictor is adopted to provide a sense of the future…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-02-22 Hongwen He , Hui Jia , Fengchun Sun , Chao Sun

Recent trends of technology have explored a numerous applications of cloud services, which require a significant amount of energy. In the present scenario, most of the energy sources are limited and have a greenhouse effect on the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Sohan Kumar Pande , Sanjaya Kumar Panda , Preeti Ranjan Sahu

In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient optimal altitude for an aerial access point (AAP), which acts as a flying base station to serve a set of ground user equipment (UE). Since the ratio of total energy consumed by the aerial…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-30 Nithin Babu , Konstantinos Ntougias , Constantinos B Papadias , Petar Popovski

Conventional thermal preference prediction in buildings has limitations due to the difficulty in capturing all environmental and personal factors. New model features can improve the ability of a machine learning model to classify a person's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Mahmoud Abdelrahman , Adrian Chong , Clayton Miller

The European Union's climate targets challenge the building sector to reduce energy use while ensuring comfort. Ventilation systems play an important role in achieving these goals. During system planning, the primary focus tends to lie on…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-02 Julius H. P. Breuer , Peter F. Pelz

Increasing energy efficiency in buildings can reduce costs and emissions substantially. Historically, this has been treated as a local, or single-agent, optimization problem. However, many buildings utilize the same types of thermal…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Hussain Kazmi , Johan Suykens , Johan Driesen

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem is one of the most important optimization problems for the operation of the power grid. It calculates the optimum scheduling of the committed generation units. In this paper, we develop a neural network…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-31 Wenqian Dong , Zhen Xie , Gokcen Kestor , Dong Li