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As spiking neural networks (SNNs) gain traction in deploying neuromorphic computing solutions, protecting their intellectual property (IP) has become crucial. Without adequate safeguards, proprietary SNN architectures are at risk of theft,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Hamed Poursiami , Ihsen Alouani , Maryam Parsa

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have already achieved great success in a lot of application areas and brought profound changes to our society. However, it also raises new security problems, among which how to protect the intellectual property…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Hanzhou Wu

Deep neural networks are valuable assets considering their commercial benefits and huge demands for costly annotation and computation resources. To protect the copyright of DNNs, backdoor-based ownership verification becomes popular…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Guanhao Gan , Yiming Li , Dongxian Wu , Shu-Tao Xia

Recently, numerous highly-valuable Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been trained using deep learning algorithms. To protect the Intellectual Property (IP) of the original owners over such DNN models, backdoor-based watermarks have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Peizhuo Lv , Hualong Ma , Kai Chen , Jiachen Zhou , Shengzhi Zhang , Ruigang Liang , Shenchen Zhu , Pan Li , Yingjun Zhang

Deep neural networks have recently achieved significant progress. Sharing trained models of these deep neural networks is very important in the rapid progress of researching or developing deep neural network systems. At the same time, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Yusuke Uchida , Yuki Nagai , Shigeyuki Sakazawa , Shin'ichi Satoh

To protect the intellectual property of well-trained deep neural networks (DNNs), black-box watermarks, which are embedded into the prediction behavior of DNN models on a set of specially-crafted samples and extracted from suspect models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yifan Lu , Wenxuan Li , Mi Zhang , Xudong Pan , Min Yang

Despite the tremendous success, deep neural networks are exposed to serious IP infringement risks. Given a target deep model, if the attacker knows its full information, it can be easily stolen by fine-tuning. Even if only its output is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Jie Zhang , Dongdong Chen , Jing Liao , Weiming Zhang , Huamin Feng , Gang Hua , Nenghai Yu

Technologies of the Internet of Things (IoT) facilitate digital contents such as images being acquired in a massive way. However, consideration from the privacy or legislation perspective still demands the need for intellectual content…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Yurui Ming , Weiping Ding , Zehong Cao , Chin-Teng Lin

The rise of machine learning as a service and model sharing platforms has raised the need of traitor-tracing the models and proof of authorship. Watermarking technique is the main component of existing methods for protecting copyright of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Ziqi Yang , Hung Dang , Ee-Chien Chang

Deep learning techniques have made tremendous progress in a variety of challenging tasks, such as image recognition and machine translation, during the past decade. Training deep neural networks is computationally expensive and requires…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Zheng Li , Chengyu Hu , Yang Zhang , Shanqing Guo

Recently, the research on protecting the intellectual properties (IP) of deep neural networks (DNN) has attracted serious concerns. A number of DNN copyright protection methods have been proposed. However, most of the existing watermarking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Shichang Sun , Mingfu Xue , Jian Wang , Weiqiang Liu

A well-trained DNN model can be regarded as an intellectual property (IP) of the model owner. To date, many DNN IP protection methods have been proposed, but most of them are watermarking based verification methods where model owners can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Mingfu Xue , Zhiyu Wu , Jian Wang , Yushu Zhang , Weiqiang Liu

Creating a state-of-the-art deep-learning system requires vast amounts of data, expertise, and hardware, yet research into embedding copyright protection for neural networks has been limited. One of the main methods for achieving such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-27 William Aiken , Hyoungshick Kim , Simon Woo

Image watermarking is a technique for hiding information into images that can withstand distortions while requiring the encoded image to be perceptually identical to the original image. Recent work based on deep neural networks (DNN) has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Guanhui Ye , Jiashi Gao , Wei Xie , Bo Yin , Xuetao Wei

The intellectual property of deep neural network (DNN) models can be protected with DNN watermarking, which embeds copyright watermarks into model parameters (white-box), model behavior (black-box), or model outputs (box-free), and the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Haonan An , Guang Hua , Yu Guo , Hangcheng Cao , Susanto Rahardja , Yuguang Fang

As a valuable digital product, deep neural networks (DNNs) face increasingly severe threats to the intellectual property, making it necessary to develop effective technical measures to protect them. Trigger-based watermarking methods…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Chaoyue Huang , Gejian Zhao , Hanzhou Wu , Zhihua Xia , Asad Malik

In this paper, we present DSN (Deep Serial Number), a simple yet effective watermarking algorithm designed specifically for deep neural networks (DNNs). Unlike traditional methods that incorporate identification signals into DNNs, our…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Ruixiang Tang , Mengnan Du , Xia Hu

Engineering a top-notch deep learning model is an expensive procedure that involves collecting data, hiring human resources with expertise in machine learning, and providing high computational resources. For that reason, deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Omid Aramoon , Pin-Yu Chen , Gang Qu

Deep neural network (DNN) with the state of art performance has emerged as a viable and lucrative business service. However, those impressive performances require a large number of computational resources, which comes at a high cost for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-20 XiangRui Xu , YaQin Li , Cao Yuan

To ensure protection of the intellectual property rights of DNN models, watermarking techniques have been investigated to insert side-information into the models without seriously degrading the performance of original task. One of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Minoru Kuribayashi , Tatsuya Yasui , Asad Malik , Nobuo Funabiki