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Variational stability, in the sense of local good behavior of optimal values and solutions in problems of optimization under shifts in parameters, is important not only for validating model robustness in practical applications but also for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Matúš Benko , R. Tyrrell Rockafellar

The tail measure of a regularly varying stationary time series has been recently introduced. It is used in this contribution to reconsider certain properties of the tail process and establish new ones. A new formulation of the time change…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-12-01 Hrvoje Planinić , Philippe Soulier

Sums of independent, bounded random variables concentrate around their expectation approximately as well a Gaussian of the same variance. Well known results of this form include the Bernstein, Hoeffding, and Chernoff inequalities and many…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-04-25 Thomas Steinke , Jonathan Ullman

Deep neural networks are highly vulnerable to adversarial examples, i.e.,small perturbations that can significantly degrade model performance. While adversarial training has become the primary defense strategy, most studies focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Lilin Zhang , Yimo Guo , Yue Li , Jiancheng Shi , Xianggen Liu

The extremes of a univariate Markov chain with regulary varying stationary marginal distribution and asymptotically linear behavior are known to exhibit a multiplicative random walk structure called the tail chain. In this paper, we extend…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-02-04 Anja Janßen , Johan Segers

A central issue in the theory of extreme values focuses on suitable conditions such that the well-known results for the limiting distributions of the maximum of i.i.d. sequences can be applied to stationary ones. In this context, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-07 Helena Ferreira , Marta Ferreira

Linear stability of multi-vector-soliton bound states in the coupled nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations is analyzed using a new tail-matching method. Under the condition that individual vector solitons in the bound states are…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2007-05-23 Jianke Yang

While $\mathcal{H}_\infty$ methods can introduce robustness against worst-case perturbations, their nominal performance under conventional stochastic disturbances is often drastically reduced. Though this fundamental tradeoff between…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-22 Bruce D. Lee , Thomas T. C. K. Zhang , Hamed Hassani , Nikolai Matni

We consider a class of stationary processes exhibiting both long-range dependence and heavy tails. Separate limit theorems for sums and for extremes have been established recently in literature with novel objects appearing in the limits. In…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Shuyang Bai , He Tang

Adaptive defenses, which optimize at test time, promise to improve adversarial robustness. We categorize such adaptive test-time defenses, explain their potential benefits and drawbacks, and evaluate a representative variety of the latest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Francesco Croce , Sven Gowal , Thomas Brunner , Evan Shelhamer , Matthias Hein , Taylan Cemgil

We study the consistency and weak convergence of the conditional tail function and conditional Hill estimators under broad dependence assumptions for a heavy-tailed response sequence and a covariate sequence. Consistency is established…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Martin Bladt , Laurits Glargaard , Theodor Henningsen

Adversarial training significantly enhances adversarial robustness, yet superior performance is predominantly achieved on balanced datasets. Addressing adversarial robustness in the context of unbalanced or long-tailed distributions is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Seungju Cho , Hongsin Lee , Changick Kim

Adversarial examples are inevitable on the road of pervasive applications of deep neural networks (DNN). Imperceptible perturbations applied on natural samples can lead DNN-based classifiers to output wrong prediction with fair confidence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Tao Bai , Jinqi Luo , Jun Zhao

The existence of instabilities, for example in the form of adversarial examples, has given rise to a highly active area of research concerning itself with understanding and enhancing the stability of neural networks. We focus on a popular…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Matthias J. Ehrhardt , Davide Murari , Ferdia Sherry

Stochastic volatility processes with heavy-tailed innovations are a well-known model for financial time series. In these models, the extremes of the log returns are mainly driven by the extremes of the i.i.d. innovation sequence which leads…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-25 Anja Janssen , Holger Drees

Assessment of the degree of boundedness/stability of multidimensional nonlinear systems with time-dependent and nonperiodic coefficients is an important problem in various applied areas which has no adequate resolution yet. Most of the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-06-07 Mark A. Pinsky

We consider a many-to-one variant of the stable matching problem. More concretely, we consider the variant of the stable matching problem where one side has a matroid constraint. Furthermore, we consider the situation where the preference…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Naoyuki Kamiyama

In order to capture the dependence in the upper tail of a time series, we develop non-negative regularly-varying time series models that are constructed similarly to classical non-extreme ARMA models. Rather than fully characterizing tail…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-27 Nehali Mhatre , Daniel Cooley

We introduce a new stochastic order for the tail dependence between random variables. We then study different measures of tail dependence which are monotone in the proposed order, thereby extending various known tail dependence coefficients…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2022-08-23 Karl Friedrich Siburg , Christopher Strothmann , Gregor Weiß

In this manuscript, we investigate a fractional stochastic neutral differential equation with time delay, which includes both deterministic and stochastic components. Our primary objective is to rigorously prove the existence of a unique…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-05-28 Javad A. Asadzade , Nazim I. Mahmudov