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The rise of AI methods to make predictions and decisions has led to a pressing need for more explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods. One common approach for XAI is to produce a post-hoc explanation, explaining why a black box ML…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Jinqiang Yu , Alexey Ignatiev , Peter J. Stuckey , Nina Narodytska , Joao Marques-Silva

In this paper, we study two challenging problems in explainable AI (XAI) and data clustering. The first is how to directly design a neural network with inherent interpretability, rather than giving post-hoc explanations of a black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Xi Peng , Yunnan Li , Ivor W. Tsang , Hongyuan Zhu , Jiancheng Lv , Joey Tianyi Zhou

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) fills the role of a critical interface fostering interactions between sophisticated intelligent systems and diverse individuals, including data scientists, domain experts, end-users, and more. It…

This article examines the application of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in NLP based fake news detection and compares selected interpretability methods. The work outlines key aspects of disinformation, neural network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Krzysztof Siwek , Daniel Stankowski , Maciej Stodolski

The lack of transparency and explainability hinders the clinical adoption of Machine learning (ML) algorithms. While explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods have been proposed, little research has focused on the agreement between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Aida Brankovic , Wenjie Huang , David Cook , Sankalp Khanna , Konstanty Bialkowski

Explainable AI has become a common term in the literature, scrutinized by computer scientists and statisticians and highlighted by psychological or philosophical researchers. One major effort many researchers tackle is constructing general…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Carina Newen , Daniel Bodemer , Sonja Glantz , Emmanuel Müller , Magdalena Wischnewski , Lenka Schnaubert

While the increased integration of AI technologies into interactive systems enables them to solve an equally increasing number of tasks, the black box problem of AI models continues to spread throughout the interactive system as a whole.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Sebe Vanbrabant , Gustavo Rovelo Ruiz , Davy Vanacken

Black box neural networks are an indispensable part of modern robots. Nevertheless, deploying such high-stakes systems in real-world scenarios poses significant challenges when the stakeholders, such as engineers and legislative bodies,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Som Sagar , Aditya Taparia , Harsh Mankodiya , Pranav Bidare , Yifan Zhou , Ransalu Senanayake

Strategies based on Explainable Artificial Intelligence - XAI have emerged in computing to promote a better understanding of predictions made by black box models. Most XAI measures used today explain these types of models, generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-18 José Ribeiro , Raíssa Silva , Lucas Cardoso , Ronnie Alves

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is an emerging new domain in which a set of processes and tools allow humans to better comprehend the decisions generated by black box models. However, most of the available XAI tools are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Zoumpolia Dikopoulou , Serafeim Moustakidis , Patrik Karlsson

The opaqueness of many complex machine learning algorithms is often mentioned as one of the main obstacles to the ethical development of artificial intelligence (AI). But what does it mean for an algorithm to be opaque? Highly complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Andrés Páez

Explainable AI (XAI) techniques are necessary to help clinicians make sense of AI predictions and integrate predictions into their decision-making workflow. In this work, we conduct a survey study to understand clinician preference among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Jun Hou , Lucy Lu Wang

Context: In recent years, leveraging machine learning (ML) techniques has become one of the main solutions to tackle many software engineering (SE) tasks, in research studies (ML4SE). This has been achieved by utilizing state-of-the-art…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Ahmad Haji Mohammadkhani , Nitin Sai Bommi , Mariem Daboussi , Onkar Sabnis , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Hadi Hemmati

With artificial intelligence (AI) embedded in many everyday software systems, effectively and reliably developing and maintaining AI systems becomes an essential skill for software developers. However, the complexity inherent to AI poses…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Thomas Weber

Recent developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and their applications in critical industries such as healthcare, fin-tech and cybersecurity have led to a surge in research in explainability in AI. Innovative research methods are being…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Aoun E Muhammad , Kin-Choong Yow , Nebojsa Bacanin-Dzakula , Muhammad Attique Khan

With the advances of AI research, AI has been increasingly adopted in numerous domains, ranging from low-stakes daily tasks such as movie recommendations to high-stakes tasks such as medicine, and criminal justice decision-making.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Shuai Ma

AI systems have seen significant adoption in various domains. At the same time, further adoption in some domains is hindered by inability to fully trust an AI system that it will not harm a human. Besides the concerns for fairness, privacy,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Amit Sheth , Manas Gaur , Kaushik Roy , Keyur Faldu

Recent years have seen important advances in the quality of state-of-the-art models, but this has come at the expense of models becoming less interpretable. This survey presents an overview of the current state of Explainable AI (XAI),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Marina Danilevsky , Kun Qian , Ranit Aharonov , Yannis Katsis , Ban Kawas , Prithviraj Sen

Explainable AI (XAI) is an increasingly important area of machine learning research, which aims to make black-box models transparent and interpretable. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to XAI that uses the so-called counterfactual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Bastian Pfeifer , Mateusz Krzyzinski , Hubert Baniecki , Anna Saranti , Andreas Holzinger , Przemyslaw Biecek

The need for interpretable and accountable intelligent systems grows along with the prevalence of artificial intelligence applications used in everyday life. Explainable intelligent systems are designed to self-explain the reasoning behind…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Sina Mohseni , Niloofar Zarei , Eric D. Ragan
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