Related papers: Crisis and catharsis in atomic physics
In the past decades, it was recognized that quantum chaos, which is essential for the emergence of statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, manifests itself in the effective description of the eigenstates of chaotic Hamiltonians through…
We investigate measures of chaos in the measurement record of a quantum system which is being observed. Such measures are attractive because they can be directly connected to experiment. Two measures of chaos in the measurement record are…
We argue that in contrast to the classical physics, the measurements in the quantum mechanics should provide simultaneous information about all relevant relative amplitudes (pure states and the transitions between them) and all relevant…
Improvements in both theory and frequency metrology of few-electron systems such as hydrogen and helium have enabled increasingly sensitive tests of quantum electrodynamics (QED), as well as ever more accurate determinations of fundamental…
The influence of pressure on finite-nuclear-size corrections to atomic energy levels and electron-capture decay rate is investigated in confined hydrogenlike ions. The ions are modeled inside an impenetrable spherical cavity, with a…
Liquid-gas phase transition in statistical mechanics is a long-standing dilemma not yet well explained. In this paper we propose a novel approach to this dilemma, by: 1). Putting forth a new space homogeneity assumption. 2). Giving a new…
We develop a one-dimensional mathematical model for the loading process of hydrogen in a metal hydride tank. The model describes the evolution of the density and pressure of the hydrogen gas, the temperature of the tank, the averaged…
We calculate the equation of state of dense hydrogen within the chemical picture. Fluid variational theory is generalized for a multi-component system of molecules, atoms, electrons, and protons. Chemical equilibrium is supposed for the…
Statistics of tunneling rates in the presence of chaotic classical dynamics is discussed on a realistic example: a hydrogen atom placed in parallel uniform static electric and magnetic fields, where tunneling is followed by ionization along…
High values of deuterium compressibility under shock-wave compression, recently discovered in several experiments, are explained by an unusual dielectric-metal phase transition from a dense molecular gas into a liquid-metal atomic gas. This…
We review some outstanding puzzles and experimental anomalies in hadron physics that appear to challenge conventional wisdom and, in some cases, the foundations of QCD. We also discuss possible solutions and propose new tests and…
The thermodynamic properties of nuclei are studied in a mean field model using a Skryme interaction. Properties of two component systems are investigated over the complete range of proton fraction from a system of pure neutrons to a system…
The hydrogen atom as relativistic bound-state system of a proton and an electron in the complex-mass scheme is investigated. Interaction of a proton and an electron in the atom is described by the Lorentz-scalar Coulomb potential; the…
The measurement process for hidden-configuration formulations of quantum mechanics is analysed. It is shown how a satisfactory description of quantum measurement can be given in this framework. The unified treatment of hidden-configuration…
The article is devoted to numerical studies of atomic (metal) hydrogen with Path Integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) technique. The research is focused on the range of temperatures and densities where quantum statistics effects are crucial for…
Analysis and understanding of the role of hydrogen in metals is a significant challenge for the future of materials science, and this is a clear objective of recent work in the atom probe tomography (APT) community. Isotopic marking by…
The phase variation with angle of hadronic amplitudes is studied with a view to understanding the underlying physical quantities which control it and how well it can be determined in free space. We find that unitarity forces a moderately…
Ab initio calculations and statistical mechanics are combined to elucidate the thermodynamics of H vacancies in MgH2. A general method based on a grand-canonical ensemble of defect configurations is introduced to model the exchange of…
The presence of vortices in the ionisation of hydrogen atoms by positrons at intermediate impact energies is investigated. The present findings show that a previously reported minima in the fully-differential cross section is the signature…
After over a decade of experiments generating and studying the physics of quantized vortices in atomic gas Bose-Einstein condensates, research is beginning to focus on the roles of vortices in quantum turbulence, as well as other measures…