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Constraint programming (CP) is a paradigm used to model and solve constraint satisfaction and combinatorial optimization problems. In CP, problems are modeled with constraints that describe acceptable solutions and solved with backtracking…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-29 Kyle E. C. Booth , Bryan O'Gorman , Jeffrey Marshall , Stuart Hadfield , Eleanor Rieffel

Recent advances in quantum computing and the increasing availability of quantum hardware have substantially enhanced the practical relevance of quantum approaches to discrete optimization. Among these, the Quadratic Unconstrained Binary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Felix P. Broesamle , Stefan Nickel

We introduce a quantum algorithm that produces approximate solutions for combinatorial optimization problems. The algorithm depends on a positive integer p and the quality of the approximation improves as p is increased. The quantum circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-17 Edward Farhi , Jeffrey Goldstone , Sam Gutmann

Concept learning provides a natural framework in which to place the problems solved by the quantum algorithms of Bernstein-Vazirani and Grover. By combining the tools used in these algorithms--quantum fast transforms and amplitude…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Markus Hunziker , David A. Meyer , Jihun Park , James Pommersheim , Mitch Rothstein

This paper explores the applications of quantum annealing (QA) and classical simulated annealing (SA) to a suite of combinatorial optimization problems in machine learning, namely feature selection, instance selection, and clustering. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Chloe Pomeroy , Aleksandar Pramov , Karishma Thakrar , Lakshmi Yendapalli

Quantum annealing is a method developed to solve combinatorial optimization problems by utilizing quantum bits. Solving such problems corresponds to minimizing a cost function defined over binary variables. However, in many practical cases,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Seiya Endo , Shohei Kawakatsu , Hiromichi Matsuyama , Kohei Suzuki , Yuichiro Matsuzaki

Quantum computing has the potential to improve our ability to solve certain optimization problems that are computationally difficult for classical computers, by offering new algorithmic approaches that may provide speedups under specific…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Ilya Tyagin , Marwa H. Farag , Kyle Sherbert , Karunya Shirali , Yuri Alexeev , Ilya Safro

Clustering is a powerful machine learning technique that groups "similar" data points based on their characteristics. Many clustering algorithms work by approximating the minimization of an objective function, namely the sum of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-29 Vaibhaw Kumar , Gideon Bass , Casey Tomlin , Joseph Dulny

The formation of energy communities is pivotal for advancing decentralized and sustainable energy management. Within this context, Coalition Structure Generation (CSG) emerges as a promising framework. The complexity of CSG grows rapidly…

Recent work has shown that quantum annealing for machine learning, referred to as QAML, can perform comparably to state-of-the-art machine learning methods with a specific application to Higgs boson classification. We propose QAML-Z, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Alexander Zlokapa , Alex Mott , Joshua Job , Jean-Roch Vlimant , Daniel Lidar , Maria Spiropulu

Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) is one of the most popular mathematical formulations with numerous applications. In practice, improving the performance of MILP solvers often requires a large amount of high-quality data, which can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Haoyang Liu , Jie Wang , Wanbo Zhang , Zijie Geng , Yufei Kuang , Xijun Li , Bin Li , Yongdong Zhang , Feng Wu

Quantum annealing is a type of analog computation that aims to use quantum mechanical fluctuations in search of optimal solutions of QUBO (quadratic unconstrained binary optimization) or, equivalently, Ising problems. Since NP-hard problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-14 Elijah Pelofske , Georg Hahn , Hristo N. Djidjev

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) provides a versatile framework for representing NP-hard combinatorial problems, yet existing solvers often face trade-offs among speed, accuracy, and scalability. In this work, we introduce…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Jiecheng Yang , Ding Wang , Xiang Zhao , Hairui Zhang , Ming Gao , Lin Yang

This paper presents the details and testing of two implementations (in C++ and Python) of the hybrid quantum-classical algorithm Quantum Annealing Learning Search (QALS) on a D-Wave quantum annealer. QALS was proposed in 2019 as a novel…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Andrea Bonomi , Thomas De Min , Enrico Zardini , Enrico Blanzieri , Valter Cavecchia , Davide Pastorello

In this paper, we study the computational complexity of the quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem under the functional problem FP^NP categorization. We focus on four sub-classes: (1) When all coefficients are integers…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Hirotoshi Yasuoka

This paper implements a new way of solving a problem called the traveling salesman problem (TSP) using quantum genetic algorithm (QGA). We compared how well this new approach works to the traditional method known as a classical genetic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-24 Yijiang Ma , Tan Chye Cheah

This paper introduces Quantum Classical Branch-and-Price (QCBP), a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for the Vertex Coloring problem on neutral-atom Quantum Processing Units (QPUs). QCBP embeds quantum computation within the classical…

Quantum-inspired optimization (QIO) algorithms are computational techniques that emulate certain quantum mechanical effects on a classical hardware to tackle a class of optimization tasks. QIO methods have so far been employed to solve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Rathi Munukur , Bhaskar Roy Bardhan , Devesh Upadhyay , Joydip Ghosh

We address the problem of quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) under model-free settings with quantum oracle access to the Markov Decision Process (MDP). This paper introduces a Quantum Natural Policy Gradient (QNPG) algorithm, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 Yang Xu , Vaneet Aggarwal

Quantum annealers offer an efficient way to compute high quality solutions of NP-hard problems when expressed in a QUBO (quadratic unconstrained binary optimization) or an Ising form. This is done by mapping a problem onto the physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Elijah Pelofske , Georg Hahn , Hristo N. Djidjev
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