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We study functional graphs generated by quadratic polynomials over prime fields. We introduce efficient algorithms for methodical computations and provide the values of various direct and cumulative statistical parameters of interest. These…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-16 Bernard Mans , Min Sha , Igor E. Shparlinski , Daniel Sutantyo

We give a new formalism for pure gauge-theoretic scattering at tree-amplitude level. We first describe a generalization of the Britto-Cachazo-Feng recursion relation in which a significant restriction is removed. We then use twistor…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew Hodges

We provide high-energy approximations for all one-loop scalar 3- and 4-point functions and the corresponding tensor integrals that appear in scattering processes with four external on-shell particles. Our expressions are valid if all…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Roth , A. Denner

Recently, the generating function has been proposed as an alternative reduction method. This method has been tested at the one-loop level, including the tensor reduction and propagators with higher powers. In this work, we initiate the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-24 Xinhe Chen , Bo Feng , Liang Zhang

We derive an off-shell recursion relation for correlators that holds at all loop orders. This allows us to prove how generalized amplitudes transform under generic field redefinitions, starting from an assumed behavior of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-12-13 Timothy Cohen , Xiaochuan Lu , Dave Sutherland

An important aspect of improving perturbative predictions in high energy physics is efficiently reducing dimensionally regularised Feynman integrals through integration by parts (IBP) relations. The well-known triangle rule has been used to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-11 Ben Ruijl , Takahiro Ueda , Jos Vermaseren

We set up a new, flexible approach for the tensor reduction of one-loop Feynman integrals. The 5-point tensor integrals up to rank R=5 are expressed by 4-point tensor integrals of rank R-1, such that the appearance of the inverse 5-point…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-22 J. Fleischer , T. Riemann

We evaluate three typical four-loop non-planar massless propagator diagrams in a Taylor expansion in dimensional regularization parameter $\epsilon=(4-d)/2$ up to transcendentality weight twelve, using a recently developed method of one of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-08-17 R. N. Lee , A. V. Smirnov , V. A. Smirnov

The $\epsilon$-expansion of several two-loop self-energy diagrams with different thresholds and one mass are calculated. On-shell results are reduced to multiple binomial sums which values are presented in analytical form.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 M. Yu. Kalmykov , O. Veretin

We generalise the factorization of abelian gauge theory amplitudes to next-to-leading power (NLP) in a soft scale expansion, following a recent generalisation for Yukawa theory. From an all-order power counting analysis of leading and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-03-01 E. Laenen , J. Sinninghe Damsté , L. Vernazza , W. Waalewijn , L. Zoppi

``Three-mass triangles'' are a class of integral functions appearing in one-loop gauge theory amplitudes. We discuss how the complex analytic properties and singularity structures of these amplitudes can be combined with generalised…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 N. E. J. Bjerrum-Bohr , David C. Dunbar , Warren B. Perkins

The low-energy expansion of one-loop amplitudes in type II string theory generates a series of world-sheet integrals whose integrands can be represented by world-sheet Feynman diagrams. These integrands are modular invariant and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-10-25 Axel Kleinschmidt , Valentin Verschinin

We provide a new efficient diagrammatic tool, in the context of the scattering equations, for computation of covariant $D$-dimensional tree-level $n$-point amplitudes with pairs of spinning massive particles using compact exponential…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-05-12 N. Emil J. Bjerrum-Bohr , Taro V. Brown , Humberto Gomez

A tensor is a multi-way array that can represent, in addition to a data set, the expression of a joint law or a multivariate function. As such it contains the description of the interactions between the variables corresponding to each of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-20 Alain Franc

In this work we perform a systematic study of the singularity structure of inflationary correlations at 1-loop. We explicitly compute a few diagrams and find a pattern emerging in the singularities produced. Motivated by this, we derive…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-03-31 Supritha Bhowmick , Mang Hei Gordon Lee , Diptimoy Ghosh , Farman Ullah

In a previous paper a new approach has been introduced for computing, recursively and numerically, one-loop tensor integrals. Here we describe a few modifications of the original method that allow a more efficient numerical implementation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Pittau

We generalize the unifying relations for tree amplitudes to the $1$-loop Feynman integrands. By employing the $1$-loop CHY formula, we construct differential operators which transmute the $1$-loop gravitational Feynman integrand to Feynman…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-05 Kang Zhou

We find simple expressions for the kinematic numerators of one-loop MHV amplitudes in maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and supergravity, for any multiplicity. The gauge theory numerators satisfy the Bern-Carrasco-Johansson (BCJ)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-03-23 Song He , Ricardo Monteiro , Oliver Schlotterer

Unitarity cut method has been proved to be very useful in the computation of one-loop integrals. In this paper, we generalize the method to the situation where the powers of propagators in the denominator are larger than one in general. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-08-18 Bo Feng , Hongbin Wang

We construct the massive scalar propagator for planar gravitational wave backgrounds propagating on Minkowski space. We represent the propagator in terms of the Bessel's function of suitably deformed nonlocal distance functions, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-17 Rens van Haasteren , Tomislav Prokopec
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