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While social robots are developed to provide assistance to users through social interactions, their behaviors are dominantly pre-programmed and remote-controlled. Despite the numerous robot control architectures being developed, very few…

Large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have the potential to transform biological research by enabling autonomous experimentation. Yet, their application remains constrained by rigid protocol design, limited…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Yibo Qiu , Zan Huang , Zhiyu Wang , Handi Liu , Yiling Qiao , Yifeng Hu , Shu'ang Sun , Hangke Peng , Ronald X Xu , Mingzhai Sun

Automating science laboratories enables faster, safer, more accurate, and more reproducible execution of protocols, accelerating the discovery and testing of new materials, drugs, and more. However, setting up and running autonomous labs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Angelos Angelopoulos , James F. Cahoon , Ron Alterovitz

Laboratory robotics offer the capability to conduct experiments with a high degree of precision and reproducibility, with the potential to transform scientific research. Trivial and repeatable tasks; e.g., sample transportation for analysis…

The automation of chemical research through self-driving laboratories (SDLs) promises to accelerate scientific discovery, yet the reliability and granular performance of the underlying AI agents remain critical, under-examined challenges.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Gihan Panapitiya , Emily Saldanha , Heather Job , Olivia Hess

Despite the remarkable code generation abilities of large language models LLMs, they still face challenges in complex task handling. Robot development, a highly intricate field, inherently demands human involvement in task allocation and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Zhirong Luan , Yujun Lai , Rundong Huang , Xiaruiqi Lan , Liangjun Chen , Badong Chen

The development of automated experimental facilities and the digitization of experimental data have introduced numerous opportunities to radically advance chemical laboratories. As many laboratory tasks involve predicting and understanding…

Robustness to a wide variety of negative factors and the ability to self-repair is an inherent and natural characteristic of all life forms on earth. As opposed to nature, man-made systems are in most cases not inherently robust and a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Christof Teuscher

The increasing complexity and interconnectivity of digital infrastructures make scalable and reliable security assessment methods essential. Robotic systems represent a particularly important class of operational technology, as modern…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Michael Somma , Markus Großpointner , Paul Zabalegui , Eppu Heilimo , Branka Stojanović

We present a system enabling a modular robot to autonomously build structures in order to accomplish high-level tasks. Building structures allows the robot to surmount large obstacles, expanding the set of tasks it can perform. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Tarik Tosun , Jonathan Daudelin , Gangyuan Jing , Hadas Kress-Gazit , Mark Campbell , Mark Yim

Designing algorithms with provable guarantees that also work well in practice remains difficult, requiring both mathematical reasoning and careful implementation. Existing approaches that bridge worst-case theory and empirical performance,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Janardhan Kulkarni

The construction industry has been notoriously slow to adopt new technology and embrace automation. This has resulted in lower efficiency and productivity compared to other industries where automation has been widely adopted. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Samuel A. Prieto , Nikolaos Giakoumidis , Borja Garcia de Soto

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in chemistry, significantly impacting molecule design, property prediction, and synthesis optimization. This review highlights LLM capabilities in these domains and their potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Mayk Caldas Ramos , Christopher J. Collison , Andrew D. White

Fully automated self-driving laboratories are promising to enable high-throughput and large-scale scientific discovery by reducing repetitive labour. However, effective automation requires deep integration of laboratory knowledge, which is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shuxiang Cao , Zijian Zhang , Mohammed Alghadeer , Simone D Fasciati , Michele Piscitelli , Mustafa Bakr , Peter Leek , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

The theoretical ability of modular robots to reconfigure in response to complex tasks in a priori unknown environments has frequently been cited as an advantage and remains a major motivator for work in the field. We present a modular robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Jonathan Daudelin , Gangyuan Jing , Tarik Tosun , Mark Yim , Hadas Kress-Gazit , Mark Campbell

Transformer-based large language models are rapidly advancing in the field of machine learning research, with applications spanning natural language, biology, chemistry, and computer programming. Extreme scaling and reinforcement learning…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Daniil A. Boiko , Robert MacKnight , Gabe Gomes

Chemical reaction engineering is key to industrial might and sustainable chemistry. This will be enabled using smart, efficient catalysts or catalysis ecosystems. This is possible with advanced artificial intelligence and machine learning…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Rigoberto Advincula , Jihua Chen

Artificial chemistry simulations produce many intriguing emergent behaviors, but they are often difficult to steer or control. This paper proposes a method for steering the dynamics of a classic artificial chemistry model, known as AlChemy…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Devansh Vimal , Cole Mathis , Westley Weimer , Stephanie Forrest

Mechanics and electronic systems can be applied to the physical models to understand the physical phenomena for students in laboratory. In this paper we have developed a robot arm for a laboratory experiment, where students learn how to…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Omer Sise

Testing of autonomous systems is extremely important as many of them are both safety-critical and security-critical. The architecture and mechanism of such systems are fundamentally different from traditional control software, which appears…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Qunying Song , Emelie Engström , Per Runeson