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For highly skewed or fat-tailed distributions, mean or median-based methods often fail to capture the central tendencies in the data. Despite being a viable alternative, estimating the conditional mode given certain covariates (or mode…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-12-10 Eduardo Schirmer Finn , Eduardo Horta

This paper studies estimation in functional linear quantile regression in which the dependent variable is scalar while the covariate is a function, and the conditional quantile for each fixed quantile index is modeled as a linear functional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-02-28 Kengo Kato

We propose nonparametric methods for functional linear regression which are designed for sparse longitudinal data, where both the predictor and response are functions of a covariate such as time. Predictor and response processes have smooth…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-16 Fang Yao , Hans-Georg Müller , Jane-Ling Wang

We study the high-dimensional linear model with noise distribution known up to a scale parameter. With an $\ell_1$-penalty on the regression coefficients, we show that a transformation of the log-likelihood allows for a choice of the tuning…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Sara van de Geer , Sylvain Sardy , Maximę van Cutsem

Quantile regression has become a valuable tool to analyze heterogeneous covaraite-response associations that are often encountered in practice. The development of quantile regression methodology for high-dimensional covariates primarily…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-07-06 Qi Zheng , Limin Peng , Xuming He

This paper deals with a linear model of regression on quantiles when the explanatory variable takes values in some functional space and the response is scalar. We propose a spline estimator of the functional coefficient that minimizes a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-14 Hervé Cardot , Christophe Crambes , Pascal Sarda

A significant obstacle in the development of robust machine learning models is covariate shift, a form of distribution shift that occurs when the input distributions of the training and test sets differ while the conditional label…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-17 Nilesh Tripuraneni , Ben Adlam , Jeffrey Pennington

Datasets with extreme observations and/or heavy-tailed error distributions are commonly encountered and should be analyzed with careful consideration of these features from a statistical perspective. Small deviations from an assumed model,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-12 Meadhbh O'Neill , Kevin Burke

We derive the properties and demonstrate the desirability of a model-based method for estimating the spatially-varying effects of covariates on the quantile function. By modeling the quantile function as a combination of I-spline basis…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-02 Halley Brantley , Montserrat Fuentes , Joseph Guinness , Eben Thoma

Meta-analyses are regarded as the highest level in the hierarchy of evidence, yet standard models traditionally concentrated on estimating the mean effect size, often under restrictive assumptions about the underlying distribution, such as…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2026-04-02 Yefeng Yang , Shinichi Nakagawa

In ordinary quantile regression, quantiles of different order are estimated one at a time. An alternative approach, which is referred to as quantile regression coefficients modeling (QRCM), is to model quantile regression coefficients as…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-02 Paolo Frumento , Matteo Bottai , Iván Fernández-Val

Arnold and Arvanitis (2020) introduced a novel class of bivariate conditionally specified distributions, in which dependence between two random variables is established by defining the distribution of one variable conditional on the other.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-24 Jared N. Lakhani

The paper considers functional linear regression, where scalar responses $Y_1,\ldots,Y_n$ are modeled in dependence of i.i.d. random functions $X_1,\ldots,X_n$. We study a generalization of the classical functional linear regression model.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-13 Alois Kneip , Dominik Poß , Pascal Sarda

We introduce a generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) next of kin aiming at distribution-free and parsimonious regression modelling for arbitrary outcomes. We replace the strict parametric distribution…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-21 Sandra Siegfried , Lucas Kook , Torsten Hothorn

We use Levy processes to generate joint prior distributions, and therefore penalty functions, for a location parameter as p grows large. This generalizes the class of local-global shrinkage rules based on scale mixtures of normals,…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-04-26 Nicholas G. Polson , James G. Scott

Consider a pair of cumulative distribution functions $F$ and $G$, where $F$ is unknown and $G$ is a known reference distribution. Given a sample from $F$, we propose tests to detect the convexity or the concavity of $G^{-1}\circ F$ versus…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-25 Tommaso Lando , Mohammed Es-Salih Benjrada

A new unimodal distribution family indexed by the mode and three other parameters is derived from a mixture of a Gumbel distribution for the maximum and a Gumbel distribution for the minimum. Properties of the proposed distribution are…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-02 Qingyang Liu , Xianzheng Huang , Haiming Zhou

We develop a uniform inference theory for high-dimensional slope parameters in threshold regression models, allowing for either cross-sectional or time series data. We first establish oracle inequalities for prediction errors, and L1…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-16 Jiatong Li , Hongqiang Yan

The emergence of in-context learning (ICL) in large language models (LLMs) remains poorly understood despite its consistent effectiveness, enabling models to adapt to new tasks from only a handful of examples. To clarify and improve these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Waïss Azizian , Ali Hasan

Concerning bivariate least squares linear regression, the classical approach pursued for functional models in earlier attempts is reviewed using a new formalism in terms of deviation (matrix) traces. Within the framework of classical error…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-08 R. Caimmi